Quantitative Reasoning Practice Subtest Instructions

In the section of the exam, you will be presented with questions that may refer to charts or graphs containing data. Additional information may also be found within the question itself. Most questions will be shown as sets of four questions each connected to the same data.  There are some questions that standalone and do not share data. Each questions has five answers options. Your task is to choose the best option.

An onscreen calculator is available to assist you with this section – you can access this by clicking on the button at the top left of the screen.

It is in your best interest to answer all questions as there is no penalty for guessing. All unanswered questions will be scored as incorrect.

Click the Next (N) button to proceed.

Tara wants to get a haircut at her local salon, Best Hair. Best Hair charges on the basis of the level of experience of their hairdressers, and there is a tiered pricing system because of this. Best Hair charges at a higher rate per standard haircut for a senior stylist or partner than for a trainee or assistant, and all prices include VAT and a small profit. The rates for a standard haircut are as follows:

Partner

£95

Senior Stylist

£80

Junior Stylist

£65

Trainee

£40

Assistant

£25

// @todo
Question 1. Tara takes her two daughters, Mary and Rachel, to the salon with her. Tara decides to opt for the haircut from the Senior Stylist. Mary receives a haircut from the trainee, although she decides to get her hair styled too, which increases the cost of the haircut by 15%. Rachel gets a haircut from the Assistant, but since she is under 12 years old, she receives a 30% discount. How much is Tara asked to pay?
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    1.Work out how much Mary’s haircut costs:

    40 x 1.15 = 46

    2.Work out how much Rachel’s haircut costs:

    25 x 0.7 = 17.5

    3.Work out the total:

    46 + 17.5 + 80 = £143.50

    Top tip: read the answers carefully as the UCAT answer options will often be very similar.

    Post Comment

    Tara wants to get a haircut at her local salon, Best Hair. Best Hair charges on the basis of the level of experience of their hairdressers, and there is a tiered pricing system because of this. Best Hair charges at a higher rate per hour-long standard haircut for a senior stylist or partner than for a trainee or assistant, and all prices include VAT and a small profit. The rates for a standard haircut are as follows:

    Partner

    £95
    Senior Stylist

    £80

    Junior Stylist

    £65
    Trainee

    £40

    Assistant

    £25

    // @todo
    Question 2. The Partner, Senior Stylist and Trainee go away on a hairdressing conference. They had back-to-back haircuts scheduled for the day, and as a result, Best Hair is ‘losing’ £967.50 it would have otherwise received from haircut fees. For how long were they away from the salon?
  • 0
    1

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.

    1.Work out the hourly rate for all three employees combined.

    95 + 80 + 40 = £215.

    2.Divide the total by the hourly rate to work out the time taken.

    967.5/215 = 4.5 hours.

    Top tip: try and think of the fastest way to attempt a question or any possible shortcuts in UCAT. While trial and error would have worked for this question, it would have taken far longer to work out the answer.

    Post Comment
    Muna Medicmind Tutor

    Thu, 28 Jan 2021 00:56:19

    I think there's a problem with this question. The rates given are per standard haircut, nowhere is it stated how long a haircut takes or how many per hour are done. This answer assumes 1 haircut per hour (which is real life doesn't necessarily apply anyway).

    Tara wants to get a haircut at her local salon, Best Hair. Best Hair charges on the basis of the level of experience of their hairdressers, and there is a tiered pricing system because of this. Best Hair charges at a higher rate per standard haircut for a senior stylist or partner than for a trainee or assistant, and all prices include VAT and a small profit. The rates for a standard haircut are as follows:

    Partner

    £95

    Senior Stylist

    £80

    Junior Stylist

    £65

    Trainee

    £40

    Assistant

    £25

    // @todo
    Question 3. The rate for haircuts by all staff includes VAT of 12% added to the base fee, added by the salon. What would the cost of a haircut from the Junior Stylist be (to the nearest pound) if VAT was not applied?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    You need to work out the original value of the haircut. 

    1.Work out the Junior stylist fee without VAT:

    65 x (100/112) = 58.03

    So £58 to the nearest pound.

    Common trap: some candidates confuse these types of questions with a percentage decrease. Incorrectly decreasing the fee by 12% would give option A. Instead, use the multiplier method to tackle percentage change questions.

    Post Comment

    Tara wants to get a haircut at her local salon, Best Hair. Best Hair charges on the basis of the level of experience of their hairdressers, and there is a tiered pricing system because of this. Best Hair charges at a higher rate per standard haircut for a senior stylist or partner than for a trainee or assistant, and all prices include VAT and a small profit. The rates for a standard haircut are as follows:

    Partner

    £95

    Senior Stylist

    £80

    Junior Stylist

    £65

    Trainee

    £40

    Assistant

    £25

    // @todo
    Question 4. An assistant at Best Hair is qualified to cut hair only. In one year, they are expected to meet a quota of 1250 haircuts and receive 65% of their cost as their annual salary. What is the annual salary of an assistant at Best Hair, to the nearest pound?
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    1.Work out the income from 1250 haircuts:

    1250 x 25 = 31250

    2.Find 65% of this amount:

    0.65 x 31250 = 20312.5 so

    £20,313 to the nearest pound.

    Common trap: be careful when rounding values- remember to round up when necessary as often the answer options will be close together in value.

    Post Comment

    The village of Horsworth has been hosting a weekly charity bingo for the last 50 years. To enter the bingo, participants must pay £1. 50% of the bingo ticket sales are spent on prizes, 35% on running costs and 15% on the charity.

    The village can be divided up on a geographical basis, and there is a difference in the bingo participation habits between the different areas of the village. The differences can be seen in the table below.

    Part of Horsworth

    Adult population

    Percentage of adults buying at least one ticket weekly (%)

    Average spending on the bingo per adult per week (£)

    North

    800

    40

    8

    East

    740

    25

    9

    South

    300

    60

    6

    West

    660

    35

    10

    // @todo
    Question 5. How many adults in Horsworth take part in the bingo each week?
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.

    1.Work out the number of people in each part of Horsworth:

    North: 0.4 x 800 = 320

    East: 0.25 x 740 = 185

    South: 0.6 x 300 = 180

    West: 0.35 x 660 = 231

    2.Work out the sum of these participants:

    320 + 185 + 180 + 231 = 916 people

    Top tip: make sure to write down the values you work out throughout the QR section on the whiteboard – don’t just try to remember them all!

    Post Comment

    The village of Horsworth has been hosting a weekly charity bingo for the last 50 years. To enter the bingo, participants must pay £1. 50% of the bingo ticket sales are spent on prizes, 35% on running costs and 15% on the charity.

    The village can be divided up on a geographical basis, and there is a difference in the bingo participation habits between the different areas of the village. The differences can be seen in the table below.

    Part of Horsworth

    Adult population

    Percentage of adults buying at least one ticket weekly (%)

    Average spending on the bingo per adult per week (£)

    North

    800

    40

    8

    East

    740

    25

    9

    South

    300

    60

    6

    West

    660

    35

    10

    // @todo
    Question 6. In any given week, what proportion of the total sales comes from the people of East Horsworth?
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    1.Work out the sales for each part of Horsworth:

    North: 800 x 0.4 x 8 = 2560

    East: 740 x 0.25 x 9 = 1665

    South: 300 x 0.6 x 6 = 1080

    West: 660 x 0.35 x 10 = 2310

    2.Work out the total revenue:

    2560 + 1665 + 1080 + 2310 = 7615

    3.Calculate the percentage of the sales coming from the people of East Horsworth:

    (1665/7615) x 100 = 21.86

    So 22% to the nearest whole number

    Top tip: remember to look at the keywords when working out proportions. The key word ‘from’ indicates that the value for East Horsworth should be at the top of the fraction.

    Post Comment

    The village of Horsworth has been hosting a weekly charity bingo for the last 50 years. To enter the bingo, participants must pay £1. 50% of the bingo ticket sales are spent on prizes, 35% on running costs and 15% on the charity.

    The village can be divided up on a geographical basis, and there is a difference in the bingo participation habits between the different areas of the village. The differences can be seen in the table below.

    Part of Horsworth

    Adult population

    Percentage of adults buying at least one ticket weekly (%)

    Average spending on the bingo per adult per week (£)

    North

    800

    40

    8

    East

    740

    25

    9

    South

    300

    60

    6

    West

    660

    35

    10

    // @todo
    Question 7. How much do annual West Horton ticket sales contribute to charity?
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    1

    Explanation

    The correct answer is E.

    1.Work out the weekly income from West Horton:

    660 x 0.35 x 10 = 2310

    2.Work out the proportion of this given to charity:

    2310 x 0.15 = 346.5

    3.Multiply this by the 52 weeks in one year:

    346.5 x 52 = 18018

    Top tip: watch out for distractors. These may be answers that are intermediate values in your working. Calculate your final answer first and then look at all the answer options to avoid silly mistakes.

    Post Comment

    Priya wants to install a circular pond in her garden. She would like a water feature in the middle of the pond; however, she needs to adjust the angle of the four pumps in the water feature so that water is not spilled outside of the pond.

    The pumps can be adjusted in terms of elevation to allow water to travel greater distances. Each pump can deliver 1.2 litres of water every 15 seconds. Water is delivered everywhere within a quadrant set by the distances in the table.

     The table below shows the maximum distance the water travels at each angle.

    Angle

    10°

    12°

    Distance (m)

    0.5

    0.8

    1.1

    1.3

    1.7

    2.2

    3.0

    Assume that π = 3.14.

    // @todo
    Question 8. If all four pumps were used, how many litres of water would be delivered in one hour?
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    1.Work out the litres of water delivered by one pump in one hour:

    • x 4 x 60 minutes = 288L

    2.Multiply this by the number of pumps:

    288 x 4 = 1152L

    Top tip: read the question carefully to ensure that you carry out all the steps. Forgetting that there are four pumps would incorrectly lead you to option B.

    Post Comment

    Priya wants to install a circular pond in her garden. She would like a water feature in the middle of the pond; however, she needs to adjust the angle of the four pumps in the water feature so that water is not spilled outside of the pond.

    The pumps can be adjusted in terms of elevation to allow water to travel greater distances. Each pump can deliver 1.2 litres of water every 15 seconds. Water is delivered everywhere within a quadrant set by the distances in the table.

    The table below shows the maximum distance the water can travel at each angle.

    Angle

    10° 12°

    Distance (m)

    0.5

    0.8 1.1 1.3 1.7 2.2

    3.0

    Assume that π = 3.14.

    // @todo
    Question 9. If the circumference of the pond was 11.3m, which angle of pump should Priya select to ensure that the water covers the whole pond?
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    1

    Explanation

    The correct answer is E.

    1.Calculate the radius of the pond.

    Circumference = 2πr.

    Therefore, we can find out the radius by calculating circumference/2π.

    11.3/(2 x 3.14) = 1.8.

    2.Deduce which angle of pump is needed:

    At 8°, the pump will only cover 1.7m and we need it to cover at least the area of the whole pond.

    Therefore, we need the pump to be set at 10°.

    Top tip: learn basic formulae such as the area and circumference of a circle, and area and volume of common shapes. These are not provided in the UCAT and may come up, especially in the QR section.

    Post Comment
    Muna Medicmind Tutor

    Thu, 28 Jan 2021 01:04:22

    At the top, it is stated that "she needs to adjust the angle of the four pumps in the water feature so that water is not spilled outside of the pond". In this particular question, it is mentioned " which angle of pump should Priya select to ensure that the water covers the whole pond". I interpreted that it should be the maximum angle possible, but it should still fall inside the pond, not outside. The answer would therefore be D and not E.

    Priya wants to install a circular pond in her garden. She would like a water feature in the middle of the pond; however, she needs to adjust the angle of the four pumps in the water feature so that water is not spilled outside of the pond.

    The pumps can be adjusted in terms of elevation to allow water to travel greater distances. Each pump can deliver 1.2 litres of water every 15 seconds. Water is delivered everywhere within a quadrant set by the distances in the table.

     The table below shows the maximum distance the water travels at each angle.

    Angle

    10°

    12°

    Distance (m)

    0.5

    0.8

    1.1

    1.3

    1.7

    2.2

    3.0

    Assume that π = 3.14.

    // @todo
    Question 10. How many times larger would the pond be if Priya needed to install the water feature pumps at 10° rather than 4° to cover the exact area of the pond?
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    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    Remember that at 4° the radius of the water delivered is 1.1m and at 10° the radius is 2.2m.

    1.Work out the area covered by pumps at 4° using the formula area = πr2

    • x 1.1 x 3.14 = 3.7994

    2.Work out the area covered by pumps at 10°: 2.2 x 2.2 x 3.14 = 15.1976

    3.Calculate how many times larger the area is at 10°:

    15.1976/3.7994 = 4

    Timing tip: a shortcut which would make this question easier would be to think about the relationship between the area of two circles. At 10°, the radius is double that at 4°. Since we know the formula for area of a circle is πr2 , and we know that pi is a constant value, we can deduce that the area at 10° will be a factor of 22  or 4 larger.

    Therefore, we need the pump to be set at 10°.

    Top tip: learn basic formulae such as the area and circumference of a circle, and area and volume of common shapes. These are not provided in the UCAT and may come up, especially in the QR section.

    Post Comment

    Priya wants to install a circular pond in her garden. She would like a water feature in the middle of the pond; however, she needs to adjust the angle of the four pumps in the water feature so that water is not spilled outside of the pond.

    The pumps can be adjusted in terms of elevation to allow water to travel greater distances. Each pump can deliver 1.2 litres of water every 15 seconds. Water is delivered everywhere within a quadrant set by the distances in the table.

     The table below shows the maximum distance the water travels at each angle.

    Angle

    10°

    12°

    Distance (m)

    0.5

    0.8

    1.1

    1.3

    1.7

    2.2

    3.0

    Assume that π = 3.14.

    // @todo
    Question 11. At which angle of pump is the distance of water closest to the mean distance?
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    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    Work out the mean distance:

    0.5 + 0.8 + 1.1 + 1.3 + 1.7 + 2.2 + 3.0 = 10.6

    10.6/7 = 1.514 so

    The mean distance is closest in value to the distance at 8°.

    Top tip: try not to round the values until you arrive at the final answer to avoid error. If the distance were rounded to 1.5m, it would be unclear whether the answer was C or D.

     

    Post Comment

    A group of students are discussing their saving habits. They all have savings accounts from different providers, and as such are accumulating various levels of return (gain) between them. They wish to compare the savings schemes, and compile a table, shown below.

    Student

    Investment (£)

    Return (£ p.a)

    Years since opening account

    Patricia

    1,500

    15

    3

    Quinn

    20,000

    160

    1

    Rosie

    15,000

    60

    4

    Sanjay

    7,500

    150

    7

    Tanya

    12,000

    96

    2

    Umar

    9,500

    35

    0

    Victor

    25,000

    38

    5

    // @todo
    Question 12. Tanya invested £12,000 and received a return of £96 per year. What was the ratio of her investment to her return?
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is E.

    1.Calculate the ratio:

    12000/96 = 125

    Therefore, the ratio of investment to return is 125:1.

    Common trap: it is common in ratio questions to work out the inverse of the ratios they ask you. Always double-check that you have them the right way around.

    Post Comment

    A group of students are discussing their saving habits. They all have savings accounts from different providers, and as such are accumulating various levels of return (gain) between them. They wish to compare the savings schemes, and compile a table, shown below.

    Student

    Investment (£)

    Return (£ p.a)

    Years since opening account

    Patricia

    1,500

    15

    3

    Quinn

    20,000

    160

    1

    Rosie

    15,000

    60

    4

    Sanjay

    7,500

    150

    7

    Tanya

    12,000

    96

    2

    Umar

    9,500

    35

    0

    Victor

    25,000

    38

    5

    // @todo
    Question 13. The mean return for students who made an investment between £2000 and £22,000 was:
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    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is A.

    we need to calculate the mean return (not investment!) for Quinn, Rosie, Sanjay, Tanya and Umar only.

    1.Work out the mean of the returns for these students only:

    160 + 60 + 150 + 96 + 35 = 501.

    501/5 = £100.20.

    Common trap: it is easy to calculate the mean of all seven individuals by default; read the question carefully and ensure that you sum up and divide the values for the five relevant students only.

    Post Comment

    A group of students are discussing their saving habits. They all have savings accounts from different providers, and as such are accumulating various levels of return (gain) between them. They wish to compare the savings schemes, and compile a table, shown below.

    Student

    Investment (£)

    Return (£ p.a)

    Years since opening account

    Patricia

    1,500

    15

    3

    Quinn

    20,000

    160

    1

    Rosie

    15,000

    60

    4

    Sanjay

    7,500

    150

    7

    Tanya

    12,000

    96

    2

    Umar

    9,500

    35

    0

    Victor

    25,000

    38

    5

    // @todo
    Question 14. Victor wants to organise a birthday party for his friend and wishes to decorate the hall with as many £19.10 ‘decoration packages’ as possible. He has not spent any money from his savings account yet, and the return has been constant since opening the account. What is the maximum number of decoration packages that Victor can purchase using his returns (not investment) money alone?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.

    1.We need to work out how much spending money Victor has from his savings account:

    38 x 5 = £190

    2.Calculate the maximum number of decoration packages Victor can purchase:

    190/19.10 = 9.95

    Therefore, Victor only has enough money to purchase 9 decoration packages.

    Common trap: be careful when rounding up or rounding down values. The key word in this question is ‘maximum’, indicating that although 9.95 rounds up to 10, he only has enough money to buy 9 full packages.

    .

    Post Comment

    A group of students are discussing their saving habits. They all have savings accounts from different providers, and as such are accumulating various levels of return (gain) between them. They wish to compare the savings schemes, and compile a table, shown below.

    Student

    Investment (£)

    Return (£ p.a)

    Years since opening account

    Patricia

    1,500

    15

    3

    Quinn

    20,000

    160

    1

    Rosie

    15,000

    60

    4

    Sanjay

    7,500

    150

    7

    Tanya

    12,000

    96

    2

    Umar

    9,500

    35

    0

    Victor

    25,000

    38

    5

    // @todo
    Question 15. Patricia withdrew £395 from her savings account, having not spent any money so far. The return on her investment has remained constant since she opened up the account. What percentage of her total savings did Patricia withdraw?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is A.

    1.Work out Patricia’s total savings:

    1500 + (15 x 3) = 1545

    2.Consider the withdrawal as a percentage of her savings:

    395/1545 x 100 = 25.6%

    Top tip: try to leave rounding to the end of the calculation. Three of the option answers round to 26% and only one is correct!

    Post Comment

    Katie and Mark buy a hot tub for their garden. It is cuboidal and the interior measures 1.1m x 1.1m x 1.4m. They fill the hot tub with water at 12°C. They want to heat the water up to 30°C. It takes 4200 joules (J) to raise the temperature of one litre of water by 1°C.

    1m3 = 1000 litres

    // @todo
    Question 16. What is the volume of water needed to fill the hot tub?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.

    1.Remember that the hot tub is cuboidal, and calculate the volume:

    1.1 x 1.1 x 1.4 = 1.694m3

    One cubic metre of water is equivalent to 1000L so

    1.694 x 1000 = 1694.

    Top tip: learn basic conversions, for example, converting cubic centimetres/metres to ml/L as the answer options may depend on you knowing the appropriate factors of 10.

    Post Comment

    Katie and Mark buy a hot tub for their garden. It is cuboidal and the interior measures 1.1m x 1.1m x 1.4m. They fill the hot tub with water at 12°C. They want to heat the water up to 30°C. It takes 4200 joules (J) to raise the temperature of one litre of water by 1°C.

    1m3 = 1000 litres

    // @todo
    Question 17. The energy needed to raise the temperature of 100L of water from 12°C to 30°C is:
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is E.

    1.Calculate the difference in temperature:

    30 – 12 = 18

    2.Calculate the energy needed in joules:

    18 x 4200 x 100 = 7560000J

    Top tip: don’t worry if you see content that you haven’t revised – knowledge of energy or enthalpy is not needed for the UCAT. Instead, look at the units of the answer options and try to work out the easiest way to arrive at those units using the information you are given. 

     

    Post Comment

    Katie and Mark buy a hot tub for their garden. It is cuboidal and the interior measures 1.1m x 1.1m x 1.4m. They fill the hot tub with water at 12°C. They want to heat the water up to 30°C. It takes 4200 joules (J) to raise the temperature of one litre of water by 1°C.

    1m3 = 1000 litres

    // @todo
    Question 18. The kilocalorie (kcal) is another unit of energy, where one kilocalorie is equal to 4184 joules. The hot tub manages to heat up 1000L of water from 12°C to 24°C, when Katie accidentally slips and spills 800mL of this water. How much energy, in kcal, was wasted heating up the spilled water?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    we can work out the energy wasted in joules first and then convert to kcal.

    1.Work out the temperature difference:

    24 – 12 = 12°C.

    2.Calculate the energy expenditure in joules:

    12 x 0.8 x 4200 = 40320J

    3.Convert this figure into kcal:

    40320/4184 = 9.64kcal.

    Timing tip: the conversion from kcal to J is a simple conversion as it just uses multiples. Try to use shortcuts to save time on these questions if you can. If there is a lot of information, this might be an algebraic equation, for example.

    Post Comment

    Katie and Mark buy a hot tub for their garden. It is cuboidal and the interior measures 1.1m x 1.1m x 1.4m. They fill the hot tub with water at 12°C. They want to heat the water up to 30°C. It takes 4200 joules (J) to raise the temperature of one litre of water by 1°C.

    1m3 = 1000 litres

    // @todo
    Question 19. It takes 4200J to raise the temperature of 1L of water by 1°C. Katie and Mark use the hot tub three times a week. Instead of heating 1000L of water up from 12°C to 30°C, Katie decides that they should heat the water up to 28°C. How much energy do Katie and Mark save over an 8-week period?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is A.

    1.Calculate the difference in temperature:

    Although in the question it mentions heating the water from 12°C, this is irrelevant to the answer.

    We just need to know that there is a 2°C difference between 28°C and 30°C.

    2.Calculate the energy taken to heat this water up:

    1000 x 2 x 4200 = 8400000J

    3.Work out the energy difference over an eight-week period:

    8400000 x 3 x 8 = 201600000J

    Timing tip: avoid focusing distractors in the QR section; focus only on what is relevant to what the question is asking. In this question, the fact that water was heated up from 12°C is irrelevant. Ignoring distractors will save time in the UCAT.

    Post Comment

    Some friends go go-karting. Each of the friends is placed on a different elliptical circuit, and each circuit travels around a central flag. The lap time is the time taken for a friend to complete the lap. This information is shown in the table below.

    Name

    Minimum distance from flag (m)

    Maximum distance from flag (m)

    Lap time (seconds)

    Anna

    248

    630

    90

    Bernie

    122

    122

    115

    Clarice

    192

    154

    96

    Daniel

    50

    578

    74

    Elisha

    164

    174

    99

    // @todo
    Question 20. Assuming Bernie’s circuit was circular, with the flag marking the centre of the circle, what is the distance travelled by Bernie in one lap? Take π to be 3.14.
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.

    1.Determine the radius of the circle:

    Since we know that the flag marks the centre of the circle, and the minimum and maximum distances from the flag are both 122m, we can deduce that the radius is also 122m.

    2.Calculate the circumference:

    Using the formula circumference = 2πr, we can calculate the distance travelled.

    2 x 3.14 x 122 = 766.16 so

    766m to the nearest metre.

    Top tip: if the value of numbers such as pi are given, use the values the UCAT provide instead of using the π button on the calculator or entering more digits. This could lead to errors in calculation, especially when there are multiple steps involved.

    Post Comment

    Some friends go go-karting. Each of the friends is placed on a different elliptical circuit, and each circuit travels around a central flag. The lap time is the time taken for a friend to complete the lap. This information is shown in the table below.

    Name

    Minimum distance from flag (m)

    Maximum distance from flag (m)

    Lap time (seconds)

    Anna

    248

    630

    90

    Bernie

    122

    122

    115

    Clarice

    192

    154

    96

    Daniel

    50

    578

    74

    Elisha

    164

    174

    99

    // @todo
    Question 21. What percentage of the time taken for Bernie does it take Daniel to complete one lap?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    1.Work out 74 as a percentage of 115:

    74/115 x 100 = 64.3%

    Top tip: be careful with percentage questions; make sure that the fraction is the right way around. For example, option C would be the correct answer if the question was about how much longer it would take Bernie to complete one lap.

    Post Comment

    Some friends go go-karting. Each of the friends is placed on a different elliptical circuit, and each circuit travels around a central flag. The lap time is the time taken for a friend to complete the lap. This information is shown in the table below.

    Name

    Minimum distance from flag (m)

    Maximum distance from flag (m)

    Lap time (seconds)

    Anna

    248

    630

    90

    Bernie

    122

    122

    115

    Clarice

    192

    154

    96

    Daniel

    50

    578

    74

    Elisha

    164

    174

    99

    // @todo
    Question 22. Clarice and Elisha’s circuits are both 1070m long. What is the difference in average speed between the two?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    1.Look at the answer units.

    The units they are asking for are km/h but the table is in m/s. We therefore need to convert the relevant values to km and h:

    For Clarice: 96s = 96/3600 hours = 0.0267 hours

    For Elisha: 99s = 99/3600 hours = 0.0275 hours

    For both Clarice and Elisha: 1070m = 1.07km

    2.out the average speeds for each person:

    Speed = distance / time

    For Clarice, speed = 1.07/0.0267 = 40.125km/h

    For Elisha, speed = 1.07/0.0275 = 38.909km/h

    3.Work out the difference in speed:

    40.125 – 38.909 = 1.2159

    = 1.22km/h to 3.s.f.

    Timing tip: remember to use the triangle formula for speed, distance, time questions: write this down in shorthand quickly if it helps you to work faster.

    Post Comment

    Some friends go go-karting. Each of the friends is placed on a different elliptical circuit, and each circuit travels around a central flag. The lap time is the time taken for a friend to complete the lap. This information is shown in the table below.

    Name

    Minimum distance from flag (m)

    Maximum distance from flag (m)

    Lap time (seconds)

    Anna

    248

    630

    90

    Bernie

    122

    122

    115

    Clarice

    192

    154

    96

    Daniel

    50

    578

    74

    Elisha

    164

    174

    99

    // @todo
    Question 23. How many laps can Anna complete in the time it takes Bernie to complete one?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    115/90 = 1.27778 so

    Anna can only complete 1.27 laps.

    Top tip: the key word in this question stem is ‘complete’. This means that you should not round up 1.278 to 1.28 as Anna has not yet completed that distance.

    Post Comment

    A cuboid has a width of 4cm, a height of 3cm and a length of 7.5cm. A larger cuboid of the same proportions has a width of 7cm.

     

    // @todo
    Question 24. What is the new height?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.

    1.Work out the ratio between the widths of the cuboid:

    7/4 = 1.75 so the ratio is 1:1.75.

    2.Multiply this by the original height:

    1.75 x 3 = 5.25cm.

    Common trap: you might be tempted to select the ‘Can’t tell’ option, however, since we know that the new cuboid is of the same proportions, we can deduce the new height using one measurement only.

    Post Comment

    A cuboid has a width of 4cm, a height of 3cm and a length of 7.5cm. A larger cuboid of the same proportions has a width of 7cm.

     

    // @todo
    Question 25. The surface area of the cuboid is 129㎠. The cuboid is cut in half down the diagonal of the largest surface. What is the new total volume of the resulting pieces?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is E.

    1.Work out the dimensions of one of the shapes produced.

    If the cuboid is cut down the diagonal of the largest surface, this would produce a triangle on that side with base 7.5cm and height 4cm.

    We know that the area of a triangle = 0.5 x base x height

    So the area of the triangle is:

    0.5 x 4 x 7.5 = 15cm2.

    2.Work out the volume of one of the new shapes:

    The shape produced is a triangular prism, so we can multiply the area of the triangle by the height:

    15 x 3 = 45cm3

    3.Multiply this by the number of shapes:

    There will be two shapes produced so the answer will be:

    45 x 2 = 90cm3.

    Top tip: it might help to draw a small diagram on your whiteboard to help visualise the shapes and exactly which measurements are needed to calculate the surface area.

    Post Comment
    Muna Medicmind Tutor

    Thu, 28 Jan 2021 01:15:43

    I missed that the question was "the new total volume", focus on total. Now I actually see the point, and you don't need to do any more than calculate the volume of the initial piece. Becuase the total of any new pieces cut, no matter which way, will always add up to the initial volume of the original piece. Right? :-)

    The table below shows the distances by road between different towns in kilometres.

     

    Anchurch

    Belmouth

    Crahill

    Dunnorth

    Anchurch

    X

    23

    34

    44

    Belmouth

    23

    X

    22

    19

    Crahill

    34

    22

    X

    31

    Dunnorth

    44

    19

    31

    X

    // @todo
    Question 26. Lucy travels from Anchurch to Belmouth and then from Belmouth to Dunnorth. She then returns directly to Anchurch. How many kilometres does Lucy travel?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    1.Sum up the distances between each of the locations:

    23 + 19 + 44 = 86km.

    Post Comment

    The table below shows the distances by road between different towns in kilometres.

     

    Anchurch

    Belmouth

    Crahill

    Dunnorth

    Anchurch

    X

    23

    34

    44

    Belmouth

    23

    X

    22

    19

    Crahill

    34

    22

    X

    31

    Dunnorth

    44

    19

    31

    X

    // @todo
    Question 27. Lucy’s car has a fuel efficiency such that with no traffic, fuel costs are 10p per kilometre and in city traffic, fuel costs are 15p per kilometre. Lucy travels from Crahill to Belmouth and back. 30% of this distance is spent in city traffic. How much did this journey cost Lucy?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is E.

    1.Calculate the distance Lucy travelled.

    22 x 2 = 44km.

    2.Calculate the proportion of this spent in traffic:

    0.3 x 44 = 13.2km in traffic

    Therefore, 44-13.2 = 30.8km in no traffic

    3.Calculate the cost of fuel for each part of the journey:

    13.2 x 15 = 198

    30.8 x 10 = 308

    4.Sum up the total fuel cost:

    198 + 308 = 506p or £5.06.

    Top tip: remember to use the multiplier method when dealing with percentages as it is much more efficient. In this example, find 30% of 44km by multiplying by 0.3.

    Timing tip: there is a shortcut for this question which could save time. We know that 30% of the journey is spent in city traffic, where fuel would cost 15p per km. Instead of adding up the sums individually, an alternative method would be to find 30% of 15 and 70% of 10, giving 11.5. From here, you just need to multiply this by 44km to give 506p or £5.06.

    Post Comment

    The table below shows the distances by road between different towns in kilometres.

     

      Anchurch Belmouth Crahill Dunnorth
    Anchurch X 23 34 44
    Belmouth 23 X 22 19
    Crahill 34 22 X 31
    Dunnorth 44 19 31 X

     

    // @todo
    Question 28. Trevor’s car has a fixed fuel cost of 20p per kilometre, regardless of traffic. He makes a return journey which costs him £8.80. Where did Trevor go?
  • 0
    2

    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    1.Work out the dimensions of one of the shapes produced.

    If the cuboid is cut down the diagonal of the largest surface, this would produce a triangle on that side with base 7.5cm and height 4cm.

    We know that the area of a triangle = 0.5 x base x height

    So the area of the triangle is:

    0.5 x 4 x 7.5 = 15cm2.

    2.Work out the volume of one of the new shapes:

    The shape produced is a triangular prism, so we can multiply the area of the triangle by the height:

    15 x 3 = 45cm3

    3.Multiply this by the number of shapes:

    There will be two shapes produced so the answer will be:

    45 x 2 = 90cm3.

    Top tip: it might help to draw a small diagram on your whiteboard to help visualise the shapes and exactly which measurements are needed to calculate the surface area.

    Post Comment
    Muna Medicmind Tutor

    Thu, 28 Jan 2021 01:18:53

    There's a bug with this question and explanation, and I believe the correct answer is wrong too!

    Thomas works as a waiter. In one particular week, he earned £300. This included tips amounting to 4% of his weekly wage.

    // @todo
    Question 29. What is Thomas’ weekly wage?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.

    1. It is easiest to devise an algebraic equation to solve this question.

    If w = wage and t = tips, then in this particular week,

    w + t = 300

    t = 0.04w

    1. Therefore, we can substitute t in for 0.04w in the first equation:

    w + 0.04w = 300

    1.04w = 300 so w = £288 to the nearest pound.

    Post Comment

    Max’s garden plan is shown below. He wishes to create a flowerbed surrounding the whole perimeter of the rectangular lawn and wants to plant a variety of flowers.

    // @todo
    Question 30. In a model of Max’s garden, x is equal to 1cm. The shaded border has an area of 25㎠. What is the value of W + L?
  • 0
    5

    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    1.We can work this out using an equation:

    WL – (W-2)(L-2) = 25

    WL – (WL – 2L – 2W + 4) = 25

    WL – WL + 2L + 2W – 4 = 25

    2L + 2W = 29

    L + W = 14.5cm

    Top tip: it would be useful to write down these equations on the whiteboard provided. Take extra care when dealing with multiple plus and minus signs, as just one mistake could cost you the answer.

    Post Comment
    GK Medicmind Tutor

    Wed, 09 Sep 2020 11:27:15

    25 not 32

    student Medicmind Tutor

    Sat, 19 Sep 2020 17:24:38

    there's been quite a few questions with errors like this in the calculations or explanations not matching up to answers

    Muna Medicmind Tutor

    Thu, 28 Jan 2021 01:21:43

    Yes, I also got very confused since the answer I got (14.5) didn't appear in the answers. As already mentioned the formula should add up to 25 as given in the question and not 32.

    Max’s garden plan is shown below. He wishes to create a flowerbed surrounding the whole perimeter of the rectangular lawn and wants to plant a variety of flowers.

    // @todo
    Question 31. The width (W) of Max’s lawn currently is 8m and the length (L) is 15m. He cannot decide whether to make the width of the flowerbed (x) 0.5m or 0.8m. How much more land would the flowerbed take up if x was 0.8m as opposed to 0.5m?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    1.Find out the area of Max’s lawn currently.

    15 x 8 = 120m2.

    2.Work out the area of the lawn if x = 0.5m

    (15-1) x (8-1) = 14 x 7 = 98m2.

    3.Work out the area of the lawn if x = 0.8m:

    (15-1.6) x (8-1.6) = 13.4 x 6.4 = 85.76m2

    4.Calculate the area of the flowerbed for each value of x:

    At x = 0.5, area of flowerbed = 120 – 98 = 22m2.

    At x = 0.8, area of flowerbed = 120 – 85.76 = 34.24m2.

    5.Calculate the percentage increase at x=0.8 compared to x=0.5:

    34.24/22 = 1.556 so

    At x = 0.8m, the flowerbed is 56% larger.

    Common trap: some candidates will skip step 4 of the working and work out the percentage difference in lawn size. Always ensure that you read the question properly and calculate the percentage difference for the correct variable.

    Post Comment

    Max’s garden plan is shown below. He wishes to create a flowerbed surrounding the whole perimeter of the rectangular lawn and wants to plant a variety of flowers.

    // @todo
    Question 32. Max eventually decides that he wants to plant 200 flowers. To begin with, he decides to fill the flowerbed as much as possible with 40% petunias and 60% pansies. A set of petunias has a circular base with a diameter of 0.3m and a set of pansies has a square base with a side length of 0.4m. What will be the area taken up in the flowerbed by the flower bases? Take π to equal 3.14.
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    1.Work out the area of the base of set of petunias:

    Diameter = 0.3m so radius = 0.15m

    Area = πr2 so

    Area = 3.14 x 0.15 x 0.15 = 0.07065m2

    2.Work out the area of the base of a set of pansies:

    Side length = 0.4m so

    Area = 0.4 x 0.4 = 0.16m2.

    3.Work out the relative proportions of each flower:

    0.4 x 0.07065 = 0.02826

    0.02826 x 200 = 5.652

    0.6 x 0.16 = 0.096

    0.096 x 200 = 19.2

    4.Calculate the total:

    5.652 + 19.2 = 24.852

    Timing tip: if you are struggling with a question, a good approach would be to use the ‘flag’ button and reconsider it after attempting the remainder of the questions.

    Post Comment

    The table below shows total tax which should be paid on an annual income. The amount of tax an individual has to pay will depend on their income.

    Annual income ($)

    Tax rate (%)

    Band

    0 – 15,000

    10

    1

    15,000 – 30,000

    15

    2

    30,000-45,000

    20

    3

    45,000-60,000

    25

    4

    60,000 +

    30

    5

     

    For example, if someone earnt $17,000, they would have to pay $1800 in tax, as they would pay 10% of 15000 + 15% of (17000 – 15000).

    // @todo
    Question 33. William earns $26,500 annually. How much income tax does he have to pay annually?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.

    William will be in Band 2, so will pay 10% of 15000 and 15% of the remaining salary in income tax.

    1.Calculate the tax he has to pay for each part of his salary.

    15000 x 0.1 = 1500

    26500-15000 = 11500

    11500 x 0.15 = 1725

    2.Calculate the sum of these figures:

    1500 + 1725 = $3225

    Common trap: with these tax questions, remember that the banding works by charging different parts of the salary at different percentages of tax. For William, the 15% tax is only charged on the salary exceeding $15,000. A common mistake is to find 15% of 26,500, which would give you option D.

    Post Comment

    The table below shows total tax which should be paid on an annual income. The amount of tax an individual has to pay will depend on their income.

    Annual income ($)

    Tax rate (%)

    Band

    0 – 15,000

    10

    1

    15,000 – 30,000

    15

    2

    30,000-45,000

    20

    3

    45,000-60,000

    25

    4

    60,000 +

    30

    5

     

    For example, if someone earnt $17,000, they would have to pay $1800 in tax, as they would pay 10% of 15000 + 15% of (17000 – 15000).

    // @todo
    Question 34. Jane used to earn $44,000 annually but recently got a promotion and now earns $50,000 per annum. What is the percentage increase in her income tax?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    1.Work out what Jane paid at $44,000:

    Band 1: 0.1 x 15000 = 1500

    Band 2: 0.15 x 15000 = 2250

    Band 3: 0.2 x 14000 = 2800

    1500 + 2250 + 2800 = $6550

    2.Work out what Jane pays now at $50,000:

    Band 1: 1500

    Band 2: 2250

    Band 3: 0.2 x 15000 = 3000

    Band 4: 0.25 x 5000 = 1250

    1500 + 2250 + 3000 + 1250 = $8000

    3.Calculate the percentage increase:

    8000/6550 = 1.22 so a 22% increase.

    Top tip: use the multiplier method when dealing with percentage increases but bear in mind that an answer of 1.22 means that the new value is 122% of the original or a 22% increase, not a 122% increase from the original.

    Post Comment

    The table below shows total tax which should be paid on an annual income. The amount of tax an individual has to pay will depend on their income.

    Annual income ($)

    Tax rate (%)

    Band

    0 – 15,000

    10

    1

    15,000 – 30,000

    15

    2

    30,000-45,000

    20

    3

    45,000-60,000

    25

    4

    60,000 +

    30

    5

     

    For example, if someone earnt $17,000, they would have to pay $1800 in tax, as they would pay 10% of 15000 + 15% of (17000 – 15000).

    // @todo
    Question 35. Brianna earns $4750 a month. If she wanted to save money just to pay income tax, how much money would she have to put aside monthly?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.

    1.Calculate Brianna’s annual income:

    4750 x 12 = $57,000

    2.Calculate her annual income tax:

    Band 1: 0.1 x 15000 = 1500

    Band 2: 0.15 x 15000 = 2250

    Band 3: 0.2 x 15000 = 3000

    Band 4: 0.25 x 12000 = 3000

    1500 + 2250 + 3000 + 3000 = 9750

    3.Calculate the monthly amount:

    9750/12 = $812.50 monthly

    Post Comment

    The table below shows total tax which should be paid on an annual income. The amount of tax an individual has to pay will depend on their income.

    Annual income ($)

    Tax rate (%)

    Band

    0 – 15,000

    10

    1

    15,000 – 30,000

    15

    2

    30,000-45,000

    20

    3

    45,000-60,000

    25

    4

    60,000 +

    30

    5

     

    For example, if someone earnt $17,000, they would have to pay $1800 in tax, as they would pay 10% of 15000 + 15% of (17000 – 15000).

    // @todo
    Question 36. Fergus pays £8420 in tax every year. What is his annual income before tax is deducted?
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.

    1.Calculate the tax at the top of all the bands:

    Band 1: 0.1 x 15000 = 1500

    Band 2: 0.15 x 15000 = 2250

    Band 3: 0.2 x 15000 = 3000

    Band 4: 0.25 x 15000 = 3750

    Since we can see that the total is likely to be greater than the tax Fergus pays, we can stop here.

    2.Decide which tax band Fergus comes under.

    1500 + 2250 + 3000 = 6750

    1500 + 2250 + 3000 + 3750 = 10500

    Since Fergus’ income tax falls in between these values, we can deduce that he is in Band 4.

    3.Calculate the amount Fergus earns in the 4th band:

    8420-6750 = 1670

    We can derive a formula to work out Fergus’ income.

    0.25x = 1670

    x = 6680

    4.Add this value on to the top of Band 3:

    6680 + 45000 = $51,680

    Top tip: with tax questions, sometimes the UCAT provides a ‘Total Tax’ column, which identifies the maximum tax payable at the top of each bracket. If this is not provided, it may be worth noting down these values on the whiteboard, since they are frequently used.

    Post Comment

    Quantitative Reasoning Review Screen

    Instructions

    Below is a summary of your answers. You can review your questions in three (3) different ways.

    The buttons in the lower right-hand corner correspond to these choices:

    1. Review all of your questions and answers.
    2. Review questions that are incomplete.
    3. Review questions that are flagged for review. (Click the 'flag' icon to change the flag for review status.)

    You may also click on a question number to link directly to its location in the exam.

    Quantitative Reasoning Section

    Situational Judgement Question Bank 1 Instructions

    Use this question bank to practice Situational Judgement questions.

    You will be presented by a set of hypothetical scenarios based in a clinical or educational setting and may involve a student or clinician at their center. You will be asked to make judgments as to the appropriateness or the importance of a series of statements in response to the scenario.

    It is in your best interest to answer all questions as there is no penalty for guessing. All unanswered questions will be scored as incorrect.

    Click the Next (N) button to proceed.

     

    Saima is a 5th year medical student on a GP placement and is asked to sort out the file records into an order which organises patient records by date of birth and age. The receptionist has asked Saima to do this for several hours and is becoming impatient with her, but Saima is finding it difficult to cope with the demands of the task, and would prefer to sort the patients by alphabetical order instead.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Saima in this situation?

    // @todo
    1. Ask the receptionist for help on how to sort the information by both date of birth and age.
  • 1
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. It is clear that Saima is struggling at this task, but she needs to make it clear to the receptionist, who may not be aware that she is finding it hard. Asking for assistance acknowledges the fact that the receptionist is becoming frustrated, and will hopefully make her less agitated. It could also improve the team dynamic, and in terms of the task the receptionist could give advice to make the task more efficient and reach task completion faster.

    Post Comment

    Saima is a 5th year medical student on a GP placement and is asked to sort out the file records into an order which organises patient records by date of birth and age. The receptionist has asked Saima to do this for several hours and is becoming impatient with her, but Saima is finding it difficult to cope with the demands of the task, and would prefer to sort the patients by alphabetical order instead.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Saima in this situation?

    // @todo
    2. Apologise to the receptionist, and tell her that she will make more of an effort now that she has raised the concern.
  • 0
    1

    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. First of all, Saima is acknowledging the fact that the receptionist is unhappy with her, and apologising to her is the correct thing to do. It is likely that the receptionist will now be more understanding, and it displays an important part of working in a team, as being able to admit your own faults shows humility and will help Saima when she becomes a doctor, as every doctor makes mistakes now and then.

    Post Comment

    Saima is a 5th year medical student on a GP placement and is asked to sort out the file records into an order which organises patient records by date of birth and age. The receptionist has asked Saima to do this for several hours and is becoming impatient with her, but Saima is finding it difficult to cope with the demands of the task, and would prefer to sort the patients by alphabetical order instead.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Saima in this situation?

    // @todo
    3. Tell the receptionist that it will take him some time, and she will carry out the task at her own pace.
  • 1
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. The receptionist is frustrated with Saima for taking her time, and telling her that she will do it at her own pace does not resolve this issue, and could harm the team dynamic. It would be better for Saima to come to a compromise with the receptionist. It is not an awful course of action, as Saima has agreed to complete the task, but has just said that it will take slightly longer.

    Post Comment

    Saima is a 5th year medical student on a GP placement and is asked to sort out the file records into an order which organises patient records by date of birth and age. The receptionist has asked Saima to do this for several hours and is becoming impatient with her, but Saima is finding it difficult to cope with the demands of the task, and would prefer to sort the patients by alphabetical order instead.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Saima in this situation?

    // @todo
    4. Tell the receptionist that she will continue filing via alphabetical order rather than date of birth and age, and asks her to respect the fact that she prefers this.
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. The receptionist has already raised an issue with Saima about this, and the fact that she is going against what the receptionist has already said is significant, because Saima is not participating in a mutual discussion. If Saima had kindly asked if it would be possible to use this alternative method, it would have been appropriate. But here in the response Saima is dismissing the receptionist’s preference.

    Many responses in Situational Judgement involve a lack of discussion, and this immediately makes the response inappropriate because it is always important to attempt a mutual agreement when two parties disagree. Do not forget that the receptionist is very important to the GP practice, and her complaints should be regarded earnestly.

     

     

    Post Comment

    Diego is a medical student and is currently on an acute surgery ward placement. He is asked by the consultant to take blood from the patient, as the patient urgently requires a blood test. Diego is usually very successful at blood-taking, and has not made a mistake on the several times he has carried it out, so the consultant feels that the procedure can be carried out without their supervision. Unfortunately, Diego finds that only a small amount of blood is drawn into the vial, and a lot less than what is required, and this is because he has missed the vein. To compound the problems, the patient is in agony and panicking.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Diego in this situation?

    // @todo
    5. Apologise to the patient, and ask for their consent to take another sample of blood.
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. Ideally mistakes should not happen in medicine because they can potentially compromise patient safety. However they inevitably do occur, and therefore it is understandable that Diego was unable to take blood successfully here, as long as he learns from his mistake and tries to work to prevent it from occurring again. Apologising to the patient directly attends to the patient’s concerns, and asking for permission ensures that consent is given. The key point in the scenario is that Diego is ‘usually very successful’ at taking blood, and therefore it is acceptable for him to try again. If it was his first time, then it would be best to get another member of the medical team to perform the action. 

    Post Comment

    Diego is a medical student and is currently on an acute surgery ward placement. He is asked by the consultant to take blood from the patient, as the patient urgently requires a blood test. Diego is usually very successful at blood-taking, and has not made a mistake on the several times he has carried it out, so the consultant feels that the procedure can be carried out without their supervision. Unfortunately, Diego finds that only a small amount of blood is drawn into the vial, and a lot less than what is required, and this is because he has missed the vein. To compound the problems, the patient is in agony and panicking.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Diego in this situation?

    // @todo
    6. Promptly leave to fetch the consultant and ask them to take the blood instead.
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.Remember that patient safety is the main concern. Whilst it would be appropriate to get a consultant if Diego feels that he is unable to take blood in the stressful scenario, however he should not leave the patient when they are in pain and panicking. However, the consultant will be more likely able to take blood safely the second time round, so this is not an awful response, as it is appropriate in terms of getting the blood sample.

    Post Comment

    Diego is a medical student and is currently on an acute surgery ward placement. He is asked by the consultant to take blood from the patient, as the patient urgently requires a blood test. Diego is usually very successful at blood-taking, and has not made a mistake on the several times he has carried it out, so the consultant feels that the procedure can be carried out without their supervision. Unfortunately, Diego finds that only a small amount of blood is drawn into the vial, and a lot less than what is required, and this is because he has missed the vein. To compound the problems, the patient is in agony and panicking.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Diego in this situation?

    // @todo
    7. Immediately try to take blood again, and try to seize the opportunity when the patient is not looking to take a second sample.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. This is an extremely inappropriate thing to do. The patient is clearly in agony, so trying to take blood again without the patient’s consent is an extreme violation of the guidelines of good medical practice. It would be necessary to ask first, and only take blood when the patient has agreed. Otherwise, this is a very poor approach, and an inappropriate thing to do.

    Post Comment

    Diego is a medical student and is currently on an acute surgery ward placement. He is asked by the consultant to take blood from the patient, as the patient urgently requires a blood test. Diego is usually very successful at blood-taking, and has not made a mistake on the several times he has carried it out, so the consultant feels that the procedure can be carried out without their supervision. Unfortunately, Diego finds that only a small amount of blood is drawn into the vial, and a lot less than what is required, and this is because he has missed the vein. To compound the problems, the patient is in agony and panicking.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Diego in this situation?

    // @todo
    8. Ask the patient if they would like someone else to take the blood instead.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is B. It would be more appropriate for Diego to take another attempt at taking the blood, because a procedure like blood taking can be complicated and is not always successful due to a number of factors. After obtaining consent this would be a very appropriate thing to do. Equally, the patient might want a different person to try because they might not feel comfortable with Diego having another attempt since he was not successful the first time – so it is not an inappropriate response. This is seen as a second best solution to the problem, and so is appropriate but not ideal.

     

    Post Comment

    Safiya is a medical student who is currently on an orthopaedics ward. One of the patients has finished their treatment, and Safiya is escorting them out of the hospital. On the third floor, Safiya sees an elderly man who looks confused and lost. He doesn’t seem to have any guardian or relatives.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Safiya in this situation?

    // @todo
    9. After escorting the patient, speak to the elderly man and try to look for a relative or guardian, whilst reassuring and comforting him.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. This is exemplary behaviour by Safiya. She is ensuring that the patient has been dealt with, and is then going to the elderly person. The elderly patient is not in an urgent situation, so Safiya should not leave her current patient, but it is important to attend when Safiya is free. Whether the elderly man is a patient or not, it is important for Safiya to reassure and comfort him.

    Post Comment

    Safiya is a medical student who is currently on an orthopaedics ward. One of the patients has finished their treatment, and Safiya is escorting them out of the hospital. On the third floor, Safiya sees an elderly man who looks confused and lost. He doesn’t seem to have any guardian or relatives.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Safiya in this situation?

    // @todo
    10. Ask the receptionist to sort out the situation with the elderly man, because she has patients to deal with.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. This is an inappropriate thing to do because it assumes that the receptionist does not have her own work to attend to. It is not the receptionist’s responsibility to help the elderly man, and by taking time out of her own work she will fall behind on her own tasks. It does still solve the issue, so does not have any major negative consequences, so it is not an awful response. It would have been more appropriate to deal with the elderly man directly. 

    Post Comment

    Safiya is a medical student who is currently on an orthopaedics ward. One of the patients has finished their treatment, and Safiya is escorting them out of the hospital. On the third floor, Safiya sees an elderly man who looks confused and lost. He doesn’t seem to have any guardian or relatives.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Safiya in this situation?

    // @todo
    11. Ask the patient that is being escorted out to wait there for a few minutes, and she will return to them as soon as she can, after she has dealt with the elderly man.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. In this scenario, the patient has finished his treatment therefore it is likely that they are not requiring immediate medical care. The elderly man could be in danger, so it would be better to ask the patient to wait politely, find out more about the elderly man and then go from there. This occurs a lot in the medical field, and is often called triaging. This is where doctors decide what patients need to be treated with the greatest priority. It is important to note that Safiya is not leaving the patient, but instead asking them to wait a few moments. In this time she can assess the risk of the elderly man, and then re-triage accordingly. 

    Post Comment

    Safiya is a medical student who is currently on an orthopaedics ward. One of the patients has finished their treatment, and Safiya is escorting them out of the hospital. On the third floor, Safiya sees an elderly man who looks confused and lost. He doesn’t seem to have any guardian or relatives.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Safiya in this situation?

    // @todo
    12. Comfort the elderly man and reassure him that he is in the hospital and in capable hands.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A.  Again this is a very appropriate thing to do. Safiya sees that the elderly man is either confused or lost. By reassuring him it will help comfort them and let them know that they are being cared for.

    Post Comment

    Safiya is a medical student who is currently on an orthopaedics ward. One of the patients has finished their treatment, and Safiya is escorting them out of the hospital. On the third floor, Safiya sees an elderly man who looks confused and lost. He doesn’t seem to have any guardian or relatives.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Safiya in this situation?

    // @todo
    13. Ask the patients and colleagues who are nearby if they know who the man is.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is B. This is an appropriate thing to do, it will be useful to check if anyone knows who he is as it will potentially help resolve the situation. However for something to be a very appropriate thing to do, it has to be the optimal approach. If Safiya first talked to the man directly and then asked about those nearby it would be a very appropriate thing to do. However, it is an appropriate, but not ideal scenario as there could have been a potentially better solution.

     

    Post Comment

    Sunita is a 6th year medical student who is on the tube to her placement at Royal Free Hospital. The tube stops at Mornington Crescent station, and the driver makes an announcement that a passenger has fallen ill and asks for anyone of a medical background to come forward and help. Sunita is not yet a doctor, but has had a significant amount of medical training. The driver repeatedly makes the announcements, and Sunita assumes that there are no other passengers with a medical background on the train. Sunita is unsure whether she should respond to the announcement or not.

    How important are the following factors to consider for Sunita?

    // @todo
    14. The passengers are becoming extremely worried.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.  She should consider this to an extent because it means that several people are being affected by her indecisiveness. However, she should still respond appropriately and calmly regardless of how others are reacting. Passengers becoming more anxious does not necessarily correlate with the severity of the situation, so it should not force Sunita into action.



    Post Comment

    Sunita is a 6th year medical student who is on the tube to her placement at Royal Free Hospital. The tube stops at Mornington Crescent station, and the driver makes an announcement that a passenger has fallen ill and asks for anyone of a medical background to come forward and help. Sunita is not yet a doctor, but has had a significant amount of medical training. The driver repeatedly makes the announcements, and Sunita assumes that there are no other passengers with a medical background on the train. Sunita is unsure whether she should respond to the announcement or not.

    How important are the following factors to consider for Sunita?

    // @todo
    15. There could be other medical professionals on board, who may be more qualified than Sunita but have not yet come forward.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.  No one else has come forward yet, so if Sunita believes she can help she should not wait to see if someone else comes forward. It is best to assume that no one will come forward, and if when Sunita is escorted to the scene there is a qualified doctor she can let him help instead.

     



    Post Comment

    Sunita is a 6th year medical student who is on the tube to her placement at Royal Free Hospital. The tube stops at Mornington Crescent station, and the driver makes an announcement that a passenger has fallen ill and asks for anyone of a medical background to come forward and help. Sunita is not yet a doctor, but has had a significant amount of medical training. The driver repeatedly makes the announcements, and Sunita assumes that there are no other passengers with a medical background on the train. Sunita is unsure whether she should respond to the announcement or not.

    How important are the following factors to consider for Sunita?

    // @todo
    16. The tube driver now says that it is a medical emergency and paramount that someone comes forward.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. It becomes increasingly clear that medical attention is required, and by not helping at all Sunita is hindering the situation and potentially endangering the passenger that has fallen ill. It is therefore very important to consider the fact that the situation is an emergency.

    Post Comment

    Sunita is a 6th year medical student who is on the tube to her placement at Royal Free Hospital. The tube stops at Mornington Crescent station, and the driver makes an announcement that a passenger has fallen ill and asks for anyone of a medical background to come forward and help. Sunita is not yet a doctor, but has had a significant amount of medical training. The driver repeatedly makes the announcements, and Sunita assumes that there are no other passengers with a medical background on the train. Sunita is unsure whether she should respond to the announcement or not.

    How important are the following factors to consider for Sunita?

    // @todo
    17. Even if Sunita does go to the medical emergency, she may not be able to help as much as others might be able to.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.  She is a 6th year medical student, so it is likely that she is able to help in some shape or form. Her help will be better than a normal person with no medical background, so it can only be a bonus even if she cannot help as much as others would be able to do. It doesn’t change whether or not she responds to the scenario. However, she must still recognise the limits of her own competence. This is therefore relatively unimportant for her to think about.




    Post Comment

    Edward and Kar-Yeung are two medical students in a maxillo-facial ward. Edward sees Kar-Yeung taking selfies of herself while the consultant is speaking to the patient. Edward also sees Kar-Yeung talking about a friend’s birthday party she went to, and observes that the patient is visibly annoyed even though the patient does not say anything. At this moment in time, Kar-Yeung and the patient are not aware that Edward has seen and heard these things.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Edward in this situation?

    // @todo
    18. Monitor Kar-Yeung’s behaviour in order to see if she continues to display similar behaviour and misconduct.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. Not reporting the issue or dealing with it directly is likely to mean that it will continue, and it does not help to resolve the situation quickly. The patient is already annoyed, so waiting is not a good course of action here. At the very least Edward should speak to Kar-Yeung if he does not want to report it.  The reason it is not awful is because monitoring Kar-Yeung’s behaviour over a longer period of time could help Edward understand if this was a one-off or if it is a continuing problem, and will therefore enable Edward to make a more accurate assessment of the problem. It is therefore an inappropriate, but not awful response.

    In some scenarios monitoring behaviour in the long term is the best option. For example, if you are a junior doctor and saw a fellow colleague use her phone on the ward, you do not have to report it immediately. Instead, it is better to speak to your colleague and see if it is repeated again. It may have just been an emergency or a particularly important call, and even if it wasn’t the colleague might stop after you have a word. Here, the action is not as appropriate because the patient is already annoyed and Edward is not speaking to Kar-Yeung.

     

    Post Comment

    Edward and Kar-Yeung are two medical students in a maxillo-facial ward. Edward sees Kar-Yeung taking selfies of herself while the consultant is speaking to the patient. Edward also sees Kar-Yeung talking about a friend’s birthday party she went to, and observes that the patient is visibly annoyed even though the patient does not say anything. At this moment in time, Kar-Yeung and the patient are not aware that Edward has seen and heard these things.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Edward in this situation?

    // @todo
    19. Speak to Kar-Yeung personally at the end of the consultation, and tell her that he has seen her actions, and remind her of the code of conduct for being a medical professional.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. Instead of reporting to the consultant or other senior professionals directly, Edward is first treating the issue at a local level. Remember it is always best to resolve conflict directly wherever possible, unless it involves a compromise of patient safety, confidentiality or data handling. The manner in which Edward is approaching this scenario is not very confrontational, and by dealing with Kay-Yeung directly, it will help resolve the issue more quickly. If Kar-Yeung repeatedly performed similar behaviour after Edward has spoken to him, it would be completely acceptable for him to report it to a consultant. It is therefore a very appropriate thing to do.

     

     

    Post Comment

    Edward and Kar-Yeung are two medical students in a maxillo-facial ward. Edward sees Kar-Yeung taking selfies of herself while the consultant is speaking to the patient. Edward also sees Kar-Yeung talking about a friend’s birthday party she went to, and observes that the patient is visibly annoyed even though the patient does not say anything. At this moment in time, Kar-Yeung and the patient are not aware that Edward has seen and heard these things.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Edward in this situation?

    // @todo
    20. Speak to Kar-Yeung during the consultation in front of the patient, and tell her that he has seen her actions, and remind her of the code of conduct for being a medical professional.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. Edward should speak to Kar-Yeung privately at the end. The patient is likely to lose confidence in the two medical students and the medical team in general, so this is an inappropriate action. Kar-Yeung’s actions are not endangering the patient, and to address the issue immediately Edward can change the topic of conversation instead of confronting Kar-Yeung about the code of conduct she must follow. Even if he does want to speak to her now, instead of reminding her of her code of conduct he can focus the conversation on the patient’s care.

     

     

    Post Comment

    Edward and Kar-Yeung are two medical students in a maxillo-facial ward. Edward sees Kar-Yeung taking selfies of herself while the consultant is speaking to the patient. Edward also sees Kar-Yeung talking about a friend’s birthday party she went to, and observes that the patient is visibly annoyed even though the patient does not say anything. At this moment in time, Kar-Yeung and the patient are not aware that Edward has seen and heard these things.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Edward in this situation?

    // @todo
    21. Speak to the consultant who is supervising Kar-Yeung.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. Whenever there is an opportunity, you should always try and resolve conflict directly. Here Edward is involving other people who are not necessarily connected to the scenario. If you see this sort of question in the exam, recognise the role of the players and try and appreciate the circumstances at which higher authority or other personnel can be avoided. This is a great example of such a case. Only report to higher authorities or other medical professionals if it involves compromising patient safety, patient confidentiality or data handling. Edward could have approached Kar-Yeung directly and this could have helped resolve the issue much more efficiently as well. It is therefore an inappropriate thing to do. The reason it is inappropriate but not awful is because of the fact that it could help resolve the conflict regardless and it is not the most terrible thing to do.

     

     

    Post Comment

    A junior doctor called Bhavik is on a night shift which is meant to end at 8am. At 7am, a consultant asks Bhavik to chase up on some CT scans from the radiology department that have been e-mailed to him. However, the IT is currently under security attack, so Bhavik is unable to access his e-mail. Bhavik has been working since 9pm, and acknowledges that he will be unable to analyse the CT scans before he leaves. So he asks Lisa, another junior doctor who is starting her shift at 8am, to follow up on the CT scans. Lisa refuses to agree to Bhavik’s request and tells him that he needs to stay beyond his shift and find the CT scans himself because she is preoccupied. Bhavik realises that this means that he will have to stay another 2-3 hours beyond his shift, and will mean he will not get a lot of rest before his next shift in the hospital.
    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Bhavik in this situation?

    // @todo
    22. Remain in the hospital until the IT becomes fixed and he can access his e-mail.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C.Let us consider the consequences of Bhavik staying further than his shift. If he returns home later, there is less time until his next shift and he may not have time to rest much before his next one. Remember patient safety is paramount, and the most important factor to consider in decisions. A common Medic Mind phrase is ‘tired doctors make mistakes’. This means that it is inappropriate to stay too late and compromise on having rest. Another reason this response is inappropriate is that it is unreasonable for Bhavik to be allocated a task out of hours, especially when it means that he will have to stay 2-3 hours beyond his shift. If it was a shorter period than this, then it may be acceptable. Now the question remains whether it is C or D. Arguably Bhavik could just sleep earlier than he normally does to make up for the lack of sleep the night before. Staying beyond his shift will also mean that the task will be completed, which it may not otherwise be. This means the answer is C.

    Post Comment

    A junior doctor called Bhavik is on a night shift which is meant to end at 8am. At 7am, a consultant asks Bhavik to chase up on some CT scans from the radiology department that have been e-mailed to him. However, the IT is currently under security attack, so Bhavik is unable to access his e-mail. Bhavik has been working since 9pm, and acknowledges that he will be unable to analyse the CT scans before he leaves. So he asks Lisa, another junior doctor who is starting her shift at 8am, to follow up on the CT scans. Lisa refuses to agree to Bhavik’s request and tells him that he needs to stay beyond his shift and find the CT scans himself because she is preoccupied. Bhavik realises that this means that he will have to stay another 2-3 hours beyond his shift, and will mean he will not get a lot of rest before his next shift in the hospital.
    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Bhavik in this situation?

    // @todo
    23. Speak to the consultant managing Lisa to inform them of the situation, and tell them to make sure that Lisa checks the CT scans.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is B.Remember patient safety is the main concern. If Bhavik goes to the consultant, it will ensure that the problem is adequately resolved, as the consultant will take action. This will mean patient safety is not compromised, which makes the action appropriate.  It is suggested that whenever junior doctor colleagues have disputes, they should attempt to try and solve the problems directly with each other, and only address higher authority if necessary. However, Bhavik did try and ask Lisa who refused, and in this scenario the main priority is to get the CT scan checked. Patient safety is the main concern but the reason the answer is B and not A is because Bhavik has not tried his hardest to convince Lisa to take on the task, and he may in fact be able to persuade her. The answer is therefore B.

    Post Comment

    A junior doctor called Bhavik is on a night shift which is meant to end at 8am. At 7am, a consultant asks Bhavik to chase up on some CT scans from the radiology department that have been e-mailed to him. However, the IT is currently under security attack, so Bhavik is unable to access his e-mail. Bhavik has been working since 9pm, and acknowledges that he will be unable to analyse the CT scans before he leaves. So he asks Lisa, another junior doctor who is starting her shift at 8am, to follow up on the CT scans. Lisa refuses to agree to Bhavik’s request and tells him that he needs to stay beyond his shift and find the CT scans himself because she is preoccupied. Bhavik realises that this means that he will have to stay another 2-3 hours beyond his shift, and will mean he will not get a lot of rest before his next shift in the hospital.
    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Bhavik in this situation?

    // @todo
    24. Check the CT results the next morning on the next shift if Lisa has not already done so.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. If CT scans are not checked, the patient’s safety could be compromised.This can lead to potential consequences that could otherwise have been prevented. By assuming that Lisa will carry out the command despite the fact that she has refused, or assuming that he can just do the checks tomorrow is naive, and a direct compromise of patient safety. The answer is therefore D.

    Post Comment

    A junior doctor called Bhavik is on a night shift which is meant to end at 8am. At 7am, a consultant asks Bhavik to chase up on some CT scans from the radiology department that have been e-mailed to him. However, the IT is currently under security attack, so Bhavik is unable to access his e-mail. Bhavik has been working since 9pm, and acknowledges that he will be unable to analyse the CT scans before he leaves. So he asks Lisa, another junior doctor who is starting her shift at 8am, to follow up on the CT scans. Lisa refuses to agree to Bhavik’s request and tells him that he needs to stay beyond his shift and find the CT scans himself because she is preoccupied. Bhavik realises that this means that he will have to stay another 2-3 hours beyond his shift, and will mean he will not get a lot of rest before his next shift in the hospital.
    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Bhavik in this situation?

    // @todo
    25. Appreciate Lisa’s point of view and explain that this situation is a one-off and circumstantial, and ask her to reconsider her decision to help.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. Here Bhavik is approaching the situation very delicately. He is first accepting of the fact that Lisa did not accept the first time, and by looking at her point of view he is maintaining peace with his fellow colleague. By asking her to reconsider, it gives a sense of discussion rather than order. Bhavik is also approaching her directly and dealing with the issue locally, instead of asking one of the consultants or someone with authority. It is therefore a very appropriate thing to do.

    Post Comment

    Kiana is an Emergency Department doctor dealing with a patient on a busy Friday night. She is about to take a history from a new patient, who has been admitted with a head wound after falling over while intoxicated. The patient has been here multiple times this week, with alcohol related issues, and been seen by Kiana most nights. Just as Kiana is about to go and see the patient, he emerges from his bay, fully naked, and starts making rude comments towards her.

    How important to take into account are the following considerations for Kiana when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    26. Kiana does not like the patient as a person.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.  Doctors are often put in situations where they do not personally get on with their patients. As a professional, we must put personal differences aside and treat all patients equally. It would be unfair for Kiana to let her personal views and opinions affect this patient’s care. Despite his rude comments, and her personal dislike, is something that Kiana should actively not consider, and therefore this response is inappropriate.



    Post Comment

    Kiana is an Emergency Department doctor dealing with a patient on a busy Friday night. She is about to take a history from a new patient, who has been admitted with a head wound after falling over while intoxicated. The patient has been here multiple times this week, with alcohol related issues, and been seen by Kiana most nights. Just as Kiana is about to go and see the patient, he emerges from his bay, fully naked, and starts making rude comments towards her.

    How important to take into account are the following considerations for Kiana when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    27. The patient’s sex.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.  Whilst our instinct may be that his sex would matter in this situation, as we may be more inclined to preserve a female’s patient modesty, this would be our own internal bias coming into play. Whether the patient is male or female, we must act to preserve their modesty when in this compromising situation. The patient’s sex does not matter in this situation, and once again, we must actively not consider it.



    Post Comment

    Kiana is an Emergency Department doctor dealing with a patient on a busy Friday night. She is about to take a history from a new patient, who has been admitted with a head wound after falling over while intoxicated. The patient has been here multiple times this week, with alcohol related issues, and been seen by Kiana most nights. Just as Kiana is about to go and see the patient, he emerges from his bay, fully naked, and starts making rude comments towards her.

    How important to take into account are the following considerations for Kiana when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    28. The fact the patient has been here multiple times this week.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is B. This is not a consideration for the immediate situation, as we must mainly act to preserve the patient’s modesty and treat the current head injury. However, it is something we should still consider, as it may imply an underlying issue which needs to be resolved. Therefore, this response is important, but not crucial to the situation.


    Post Comment

    Kiana is an Emergency Department doctor dealing with a patient on a busy Friday night. She is about to take a history from a new patient, who has been admitted with a head wound after falling over while intoxicated. The patient has been here multiple times this week, with alcohol related issues, and been seen by Kiana most nights. Just as Kiana is about to go and see the patient, he emerges from his bay, fully naked, and starts making rude comments towards her.

    How important to take into account are the following considerations for Kiana when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    29. The patient is known to be homosexual.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. This should not play any part in whether we treat the patient, or how we act towards the patient. It would be wrong for us to change any aspect of our behaviour based on the patient’s sexuality. This would be discriminatory, and immoral for a doctor to consider.

    Post Comment

    Kiana is an Emergency Department doctor dealing with a patient on a busy Friday night. She is about to take a history from a new patient, who has been admitted with a head wound after falling over while intoxicated. The patient has been here multiple times this week, with alcohol related issues, and been seen by Kiana most nights. Just as Kiana is about to go and see the patient, he emerges from his bay, fully naked, and starts making rude comments towards her.

    How important to take into account are the following considerations for Kiana when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    30. The patient can be seen by other patients.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. The crux of this scenario is the fact the patient’s modesty is compromised. We must act to preserve this, and every patient has the right to privacy and respect. The fact the patient is naked is the most important thing to consider when responding to this immediate situation. Kiana should act to quickly cover the patient up. Equally, but not as importantly, other patients may be uncomfortable seeing a man like this, and many patients are in very distressing situations within the Emergency Department, which need not be exacerbated. 

     

    Post Comment

    A junior doctor, Alex, is taking part on a ward round on the weekend, and it is especially busy today as a number of staff have called in sick. As soon as he enters the ward, a nurse from the surgeon’s team calls him to let him know that many of the surgeons are not available today. They inform Alex that he will have to explain to Jeffrey, one of the patients in Alex’s ward, that his operation will have to be delayed until the next day, and that he will be the first patient on the list. Alex knows that Jeffrey is having a colonoscopy and is extremely worried and anxious already that it is a risk to his life. However, delaying the operation by one day is not going to make a difference to Jeffrey’s safety. Alex plan to tell Jeffrey that his colonoscopy will not take place today.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Alex in this situation?

    // @todo
    31. Alex explains to Jeffrey the reasons why his surgery won’t happen today.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. Jeffrey is extremely anxious, and so informing him the reasons why the surgery can’t take place is an extremely appropriate thing to do because it will put him at ease and reduce any anger towards the medical team.

    Post Comment

    A junior doctor, Alex, is taking part on a ward round on the weekend, and it is especially busy today as a number of staff have called in sick. As soon as he enters the ward, a nurse from the surgeon’s team calls him to let him know that many of the surgeons are not available today. They inform Alex that he will have to explain to Jeffrey, one of the patients in Alex’s ward, that his operation will have to be delayed until the next day, and that he will be the first patient on the list. Alex knows that Jeffrey is having a colonoscopy and is extremely worried and anxious already that it is a risk to his life. However, delaying the operation by one day is not going to make a difference to Jeffrey’s safety. Alex plan to tell Jeffrey that his colonoscopy will not take place today.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Alex in this situation?

    // @todo
    32. Alex tells a medical student who is doing the ward round with them to explain to Jeffrey the reasons why his surgery has been delayed to tomorrow.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. Alex already knows Jeffrey and it is likely that Jeffrey has a significant amount of trust in Alex as a doctor, and so will rely on him for information. Delegating the task onto a medical student is a very inappropriate thing to do because it will not reassure Jeffrey, as he is already anxious. Delegation can sometimes be useful, however when a patient is anxious and has a great deal of trust in a certain doctor, it can have implications in the future as the patient can lose trust in the medical team. Additionally, it is unfair to let a medical student break unwanted news to an already anxious patient.

    Post Comment

    A junior doctor, Alex, is taking part on a ward round on the weekend, and it is especially busy today as a number of staff have called in sick. As soon as he enters the ward, a nurse from the surgeon’s team calls him to let him know that many of the surgeons are not available today. They inform Alex that he will have to explain to Jeffrey, one of the patients in Alex’s ward, that his operation will have to be delayed until the next day, and that he will be the first patient on the list. Alex knows that Jeffrey is having a colonoscopy and is extremely worried and anxious already that it is a risk to his life. However, delaying the operation by one day is not going to make a difference to Jeffrey’s safety. Alex plan to tell Jeffrey that his colonoscopy will not take place today.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Alex in this situation?

    // @todo
    33. Promise to Jeffrey that Alex will manage to somehow turn it around and make the colonoscopy occur today.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. This is an extremely inappropriate thing to do. The surgeons have already informed Alex that the operation cannot take place today, so giving false hope will not bring any benefits in the long term. The operation most probably won’t happen today, and Jeffrey will lose trust in the team.

    Post Comment

    A junior doctor, Alex, is taking part on a ward round on the weekend, and it is especially busy today as a number of staff have called in sick. As soon as he enters the ward, a nurse from the surgeon’s team calls him to let him know that many of the surgeons are not available today. They inform Alex that he will have to explain to Jeffrey, one of the patients in Alex’s ward, that his operation will have to be delayed until the next day, and that he will be the first patient on the list. Alex knows that Jeffrey is having a colonoscopy and is extremely worried and anxious already that it is a risk to his life. However, delaying the operation by one day is not going to make a difference to Jeffrey’s safety. Alex plan to tell Jeffrey that his colonoscopy will not take place today.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Alex in this situation?

    // @todo
    34. Tell Jeffrey that he can come back to him tomorrow with any questions he may have, instead of asking them right now, as he is extremely busy due to the shortage of staff.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. This is an extremely inappropriate thing to do. Making Jeffrey wait until tomorrow will make him even more anxious and will mean that he has to wait even longer to find out the latest update. Alex should take the earliest opportunity to try and clarify everything.

    As a doctor, you will be very time pressured, but you cannot let patients see that their time with you is short-cut or rushed. Fr example, GPs often have to run appointments in 10 minute slots, seeing patient after patient. There is a balance between time efficiency, and cutting the patient off to give a rushed service. Here Jeffrey is exposing structural and management issues in the hospital’s staffing as an excuse for poor care, which should not happen.

    Post Comment

    A junior doctor, Alex, is taking part on a ward round on the weekend, and it is especially busy today as a number of staff have called in sick. As soon as he enters the ward, a nurse from the surgeon’s team calls him to let him know that many of the surgeons are not available today. They inform Alex that he will have to explain to Jeffrey, one of the patients in Alex’s ward, that his operation will have to be delayed until the next day, and that he will be the first patient on the list. Alex knows that Jeffrey is having a colonoscopy and is extremely worried and anxious already that it is a risk to his life. However, delaying the operation by one day is not going to make a difference to Jeffrey’s safety. Alex plan to tell Jeffrey that his colonoscopy will not take place today.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Alex in this situation?

    // @todo
    35. Speak to Jeffrey directly, and explain to him that having the operation one day later will not affect his safety or health.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. We know that Jeffrey is extremely worried and anxious already, and so telling him that the delay will not affect his safety will help to settle and reassure him. It is therefore a very appropriate thing to do.

     

    Post Comment

    A group of junior doctors are celebrating finishing their first official week of being a doctor at a party, hosted by Konstantinos who has a few alcoholic beers. The next morning, Konstantinos is browsing social media and finds that his friend Tim, who is also a junior doctor, has posted a “snapchat story” which contains several pictures from the party. This includes ones of Konstantinos drinking alcoholic beers. This “story” is set to public, meaning anyone including patients and other colleagues are able to see them, and it is clear from the picture that it is Konstantinos. At the end of the party, Konstantinos and his friends, including Tim, went to drink inside their hospital office, and from the pictures it is clear that they were at the hospital.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Konstantinos to the scenario?

    // @todo
    36. Text Tim and tell him that his Snapchat story is public, and that anyone can clearly identify the hospital from the pictures that have been taken.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. Konstantinos should not have been drinking in his hospital office regardless if it was not on duty. The main issue to address is that patient confidence in the medical profession should not be compromised. Texting Tim addresses the problem of the photos being publicly available and will help resolve the situation.

    Post Comment

    A group of junior doctors are celebrating finishing their first official week of being a doctor at a party, hosted by Konstantinos who has a few alcoholic beers. The next morning, Konstantinos is browsing social media and finds that his friend Tim, who is also a junior doctor, has posted a “snapchat story” which contains several pictures from the party. This includes ones of Konstantinos drinking alcoholic beers. This “story” is set to public, meaning anyone including patients and other colleagues are able to see them, and it is clear from the picture that it is Konstantinos. At the end of the party, Konstantinos and his friends, including Tim, went to drink inside their hospital office, and from the pictures it is clear that they were at the hospital.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Konstantinos to the scenario?

    // @todo
    37. Block Tim from Snapchat.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. Tim should not have put that on his Snapchat story, and so it is completely understandable why Konstantinos would want to block him. However, it is not ideal as it does not address the emerging problem which remains that the photos are public and could damage the hospital’s reputation. Moreover, Tim may put more incriminating evidence on social media, which Konstantinos will not be able to see or respond to if he blocks Tim.

    Post Comment

    A group of junior doctors are celebrating finishing their first official week of being a doctor at a party, hosted by Konstantinos who has a few alcoholic beers. The next morning, Konstantinos is browsing social media and finds that his friend Tim, who is also a junior doctor, has posted a “snapchat story” which contains several pictures from the party. This includes ones of Konstantinos drinking alcoholic beers. This “story” is set to public, meaning anyone including patients and other colleagues are able to see them, and it is clear from the picture that it is Konstantinos. At the end of the party, Konstantinos and his friends, including Tim, went to drink inside their hospital office, and from the pictures it is clear that they were at the hospital.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Konstantinos to the scenario?

    // @todo
    38. E-mail the hospital management team and inform them that the hospital’s reputation has been potentially been compromised.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is B. The hospital’s reputation has been potentially compromised because of Konstantinos’ and Tim’s behaviour. Therefore informing them is a good thing to do. However, it is highly unlikely that emailing the hospital will directly and immediately help solve the problem. Konstantinos is bypassing those that are involved, and therefore it will delay the response. The group of junior doctors themselves need to recognise the obvious bad behaviour they have committed and therefore come to response solution. Instead of e-mailing the hospital management, it would be better to e-mail Tim and inform him to take it down. It is therefore not an ideal thing to do.

     

    Post Comment

    A group of junior doctors are celebrating finishing their first official week of being a doctor at a party, hosted by Konstantinos who has a few alcoholic beers. The next morning, Konstantinos is browsing social media and finds that his friend Tim, who is also a junior doctor, has posted a “snapchat story” which contains several pictures from the party. This includes ones of Konstantinos drinking alcoholic beers. This “story” is set to public, meaning anyone including patients and other colleagues are able to see them, and it is clear from the picture that it is Konstantinos. At the end of the party, Konstantinos and his friends, including Tim, went to drink inside their hospital office, and from the pictures it is clear that they were at the hospital.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Konstantinos to the scenario?

    // @todo
    39. Start a debate at lunchtime with other junior doctors, consultants and medical students about the advantages and disadvantages of Snapchat.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. This is not addressing the issue directly because Tim is not in this scenario. Konstantinos is bringing it up with fellow staff members that may or may not have been at the party. Nonetheless, informing them of what happened will not change the probability that Tim will take the snapchat story down. A better method would have been to respond directly to Tim instead of doing it this way. The reason it is inappropriate but not awful is because this discussion will not have a negative impact, however it is not useful.

     

    Post Comment

    Sujinth is a junior doctor who has been asked to take a lumbar puncture by the consultant on a ward on a patient called Urvneek. The puncture is required for an extremely important examination. Sujinth is uncomfortable with this request because he has a fear of needles that he developed a couple of months ago on his elective where he accidentally pricked his own finger when he was taking blood from a patient in Peru. As a result of this, he is fearful of needles, and becomes anxious every time he sees them. The lumbar puncture procedure requires needles.  Sujinth tells the consultant of this experience, and also tells them that his future area of medicine that he will specialise in after this placement does not involve needles. Despite this, the consultant tells him to carry out the lumbar puncture.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Sujinth in this situation?

    // @todo
    40. Tell the consultant that it is unfair to ask him to do the procedure despite the fact that he told him that he feels uncomfortable to do so.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. Sujinth is being extremely confrontational here. Saying this to the consultant will create friction in the team, and could lead to further problems in the future. This means it is inappropriate. It could be seen as an attack on the consultant’s ability to assess his team’s abilities. The reason this response is not awful is because it means that Sujinth is less likely to carry out the lumbar puncture and potentially endanger the patient.

     

    Post Comment

    Sujinth is a junior doctor who has been asked to take a lumbar puncture by the consultant on a ward on a patient called Urvneek. The puncture is required for an extremely important examination. Sujinth is uncomfortable with this request because he has a fear of needles that he developed a couple of months ago on his elective where he accidentally pricked his own finger when he was taking blood from a patient in Peru. As a result of this, he is fearful of needles, and becomes anxious every time he sees them. The lumbar puncture procedure requires needles.  Sujinth tells the consultant of this experience, and also tells them that his future area of medicine that he will specialise in after this placement does not involve needles. Despite this, the consultant tells him to carry out the lumbar puncture.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Sujinth in this situation?

    // @todo
    41. Say sorry to the consultant because he does not want to do the procedure, and explain to the consultant that it might be better to find another doctor to carry out the procedure, in case something goes wrong if Sujinth panics.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. This is a very appropriate thing to do. As we considered earlier, the most important person in this scenario is the patient. It is vital that their safety is not compromised and if Sujinth does carry out the procedure, he could panic and potentially permanently damage the patient. A lumbar puncture needs to be done very precisely, as it can lead to nerve damage to the spine and paralysis if performed wrong.

    It can also be argued that it is reasonable for him to say no to the procedure, and ask someone else to do it. It becomes even more appropriate when you consider the fact that Sujinth’s future speciality will not involve needles. If it was a speciality such as surgery, Sujinth would have to somehow find a way to overcome his fears and learn.

    He also apologises to the consultant, compared to the previous response where it came across as more hostile. Sujinth is being sensitive to the situation and this will ensure patient safety is not compromised, so the answer is therefore A, a very appropriate thing to do.

    Post Comment

    Sujinth is a junior doctor who has been asked to take a lumbar puncture by the consultant on a ward on a patient called Urvneek. The puncture is required for an extremely important examination. Sujinth is uncomfortable with this request because he has a fear of needles that he developed a couple of months ago on his elective where he accidentally pricked his own finger when he was taking blood from a patient in Peru. As a result of this, he is fearful of needles, and becomes anxious every time he sees them. The lumbar puncture procedure requires needles.  Sujinth tells the consultant of this experience, and also tells them that his future area of medicine that he will specialise in after this placement does not involve needles. Despite this, the consultant tells him to carry out the lumbar puncture.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Sujinth in this situation?

    // @todo
    42. Explain to the consultant that he will try to do his best on the lumbar puncture, but once the consultant has left Sujinth will ask someone else to carry out the lumbar puncture.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. Remember patient safety is the most important thing. The fact that Sujinth is not carrying out the procedure is a good thing. However, Sujinth is lying to his consultant by telling them that he will indeed carry out the procedure. It would have been better for Sujinth to tell the consultant the truth. Indeed, if another doctor performs the puncture well, the consultant will ask Sujinth again next time if he believes Sujinth did it. This response involves lying to the consultant, and this is not appropriate.

    Post Comment

    Sujinth is a junior doctor who has been asked to take a lumbar puncture by the consultant on a ward on a patient called Urvneek. The puncture is required for an extremely important examination. Sujinth is uncomfortable with this request because he has a fear of needles that he developed a couple of months ago on his elective where he accidentally pricked his own finger when he was taking blood from a patient in Peru. As a result of this, he is fearful of needles, and becomes anxious every time he sees them. The lumbar puncture procedure requires needles.  Sujinth tells the consultant of this experience, and also tells them that his future area of medicine that he will specialise in after this placement does not involve needles. Despite this, the consultant tells him to carry out the lumbar puncture.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Sujinth in this situation?

    // @todo
    43. Tell the consultant that he will only do the procedure if someone is there with them to support him during the lumbar puncture, and to help him in case he panics.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. The patient may see Sujinth panicking if he carries out the lumbar puncture, and even if someone takes over this won’t change. It might be a better solution if the person supporting and accompanying them carries out the procedure from the beginning.
    However, the reason it is C and not D is because Sujinth is accepting the fact that he may be a risk to the patient and by having someone accompany him the environment becomes much safer and secure. If the other person did the procedure, it would’ve been faster, safer and would not compromise the patient’s safety. The answer is therefore C.

    Post Comment

    Hector is an orthopaedics consultant. The time is 6pm and Hector is due to finish his shift at 6:30pm, and meet his wife for dinner. At 6pm, Hector was due to have a handover meeting with Abdul, a fellow orthopaedics consultant, where they would discuss the patient issues that are still outstanding and need to be dealt with by the incoming doctor. Abdul calls Hector to inform him that his son’s babysitter has only just arrived, and will be there around 7:00pm – more than 30 minutes after Hector’s shift finishes.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Hector in this situation?

    // @todo
    44. Still leave 6:30pm but go around and make detailed notes about patients that still have outstanding issues in their patient records so that when Abdul finally arrives he will still be partially informed.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. Hector is meeting his wife for dinner. This is not an urgent or unavoidable reason for missing work, whereas Abdul’s is because he cannot leave his son unattended. This means that there is no reason not to wait for 30 minutes, especially because it is a small duration and avoids the workload being burdened on others, including junior doctors who are likely to already be quite occupied. This makes it an inappropriate cause of action.

    Now we need to decide whether it is C or D. Although his reasons are not very reasonable, Hector is still leaving a record of notes and this may be sufficient even if it is not ideal. This makes it an inappropriate but not awful course of action. The answer is therefore C.

     

    Post Comment

    Hector is an orthopaedics consultant. The time is 6pm and Hector is due to finish his shift at 6:30pm, and meet his wife for dinner. At 6pm, Hector was due to have a handover meeting with Abdul, a fellow orthopaedics consultant, where they would discuss the patient issues that are still outstanding and need to be dealt with by the incoming doctor. Abdul calls Hector to inform him that his son’s babysitter has only just arrived, and will be there around 7:00pm – more than 30 minutes after Hector’s shift finishes.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Hector in this situation?

    // @todo
    45. Text his wife and tell her that he is going to be late.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. This is a very appropriate thing to do. In terms of time, texting his wife is the most efficient method of letting her know that he is going to be late as it will not take a long period of time. He is informing her and keeping her in the loop about what is happening. This also means that Hector is prioritising patient safety over personal dealings, as it is likely that this dinner is not an event that is completely unavoidable.

    Post Comment

    Hector is an orthopaedics consultant. The time is 6pm and Hector is due to finish his shift at 6:30pm, and meet his wife for dinner. At 6pm, Hector was due to have a handover meeting with Abdul, a fellow orthopaedics consultant, where they would discuss the patient issues that are still outstanding and need to be dealt with by the incoming doctor. Abdul calls Hector to inform him that his son’s babysitter has only just arrived, and will be there around 7:00pm – more than 30 minutes after Hector’s shift finishes.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Hector in this situation?

    // @todo
    46. Speak to a junior doctor on the ward and tell them all the necessary information, to then tell Abdul when he arrives.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. Hector would potentially leave early simply based on the reason that he can make his dinner. This is not an emergency, and is something that can be missed or delayed. It is therefore inappropriate of him to burden a junior doctor, who is likely to be busy with other things. However, telling a junior doctor will mean that the patient information is still passed on, rather than Hector leaving and not doing anything. The answer is therefore C, inappropriate but not awful.

    Post Comment

    Hector is an orthopaedics consultant. The time is 6pm and Hector is due to finish his shift at 6:30pm, and meet his wife for dinner. At 6pm, Hector was due to have a handover meeting with Abdul, a fellow orthopaedics consultant, where they would discuss the patient issues that are still outstanding and need to be dealt with by the incoming doctor. Abdul calls Hector to inform him that his son’s babysitter has only just arrived, and will be there around 7:00pm – more than 30 minutes after Hector’s shift finishes.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Hector in this situation?

    // @todo
    47. Write down all the necessary patient test results and investigations which can be handed to Abdul when he arrives and so wait for his arrival.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. Giving a verbal handover with accompanying notes means that Abdul is very informed, and it is the best way to deal with the scenario.

     

    Post Comment

    Hector is an orthopaedics consultant. The time is 6pm and Hector is due to finish his shift at 6:30pm, and meet his wife for dinner. At 6pm, Hector was due to have a handover meeting with Abdul, a fellow orthopaedics consultant, where they would discuss the patient issues that are still outstanding and need to be dealt with by the incoming doctor. Abdul calls Hector to inform him that his son’s babysitter has only just arrived, and will be there around 7:00pm – more than 30 minutes after Hector’s shift finishes.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Hector in this situation?

    // @todo
    48. Before leaving at 6:30pm, spend 2 minutes jotting down the notes for Abdul.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. This is worse than the response in Question 44, because the notes lack detail and are written quickly. Consider Abdul in this scenario. He will arrive at the hospital, and will be given a set of notes which have been written in a certain manner, perhaps ineligible and could consist of a lot of shorthand which each doctor uses differently. Written communication is not always effective. It would have been better if there was verbal communication between the two, like in the previous scenario where notes were accompanied by verbal handover as well. It could occur that the information is misinterpreted, and so this is a very inappropriate thing to do, especially as Hector is assuming that everything will be sorted out, when actually this may not be the case. The answer is therefore D, a very inappropriate thing to do.

    Post Comment

    Roshni is a pupil in a Biology lesson when she hears her friend, Harveen, snoring and finds that she has fallen asleep midway during a tutorial. The teacher tells Harveen to wake up, and she becomes embarrassed and swears at the teacher. Roshni sees the teacher and Harveen then arguing, and hears the teacher make a racial slur towards Harveen. Roshni knows the teacher well, and so was extremely surprised to hear the racial comment. Roshni now sees Harveen crying because of the comment that has been made.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Roshni in this situation?

    // @todo
    49. Report the teacher’s behaviour to the headmaster.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. Usually, we advise you to always try to resolve conflict directly and at a local level. However this is a scenario is an exception. The teacher has made very serious comments to the pupil, which require immediate action that can only be authorised by senior employees including a headteacher. It is therefore a very appropriate thing to do.

    Post Comment

    Roshni is a pupil in a Biology lesson when she hears her friend, Harveen, snoring and finds that she has fallen asleep midway during a tutorial. The teacher tells Harveen to wake up, and she becomes embarrassed and swears at the teacher. Roshni sees the teacher and Harveen then arguing, and hears the teacher make a racial slur towards Harveen. Roshni knows the teacher well, and so was extremely surprised to hear the racial comment. Roshni now sees Harveen crying because of the comment that has been made.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Roshni in this situation?

    // @todo
    50. Comfort Harveen and try and make her feel better.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. The two issues at hand are that Harveen is very upset, and that the teacher is acting unprofessionally to students. This deals with the first issue. It is very appropriate for Roshni to comfort her friend. She is obviously hurt by the comments that have been made, and so it is vital that she responds as immediately as possible, and comforting Harveen will help her feel reassured that there are people at hand to help her if she feels hurt by the comments made.

    Post Comment

    Roshni is a pupil in a Biology lesson when she hears her friend, Harveen, snoring and finds that she has fallen asleep midway during a tutorial. The teacher tells Harveen to wake up, and she becomes embarrassed and swears at the teacher. Roshni sees the teacher and Harveen then arguing, and hears the teacher make a racial slur towards Harveen. Roshni knows the teacher well, and so was extremely surprised to hear the racial comment. Roshni now sees Harveen crying because of the comment that has been made.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Roshni in this situation?

    // @todo
    51. Understand that the teacher only reacted in the way he did because of the manner in which Harveen spoke to the teacher.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. Provocation is not an excuse for the behaviour of a teacher. Whilst the rude language by Harveen did contribute to the teacher’s actions, so it is not an important factor to consider. It is not a sufficient excuse for the behaviour that was exhibited and therefore Roshni should not let the situation pass based on the fact that the teacher was provoked.

    Post Comment

    Roshni is a pupil in a Biology lesson when she hears her friend, Harveen, snoring and finds that she has fallen asleep midway during a tutorial. The teacher tells Harveen to wake up, and she becomes embarrassed and swears at the teacher. Roshni sees the teacher and Harveen then arguing, and hears the teacher make a racial slur towards Harveen. Roshni knows the teacher well, and so was extremely surprised to hear the racial comment. Roshni now sees Harveen crying because of the comment that has been made.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Roshni in this situation?

    // @todo
    52. Try to persuade Harveen to leave the room and immediately talk to the headteacher herself directly.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. It is likely that Harveen is traumatised by the event that has occurred, so it may be rash to persuade her to speak to the headteacher right away. It is important for Harveen to account her story, because the story may become twisted or change if it is not given from the perspective of the person it was directly involving. However the response is not appropriate because of the term ‘immediately’ – it is not an immediate concern for her and she may not be in a position where she can tell others about her story. It would be better to wait instead of doing this directly.

    Post Comment

    A group of medical students are taking part in their first problem based learning (PBL), and are solving a case of a patient with acromegaly, where they are trying to find the best possible treatment for it. They are currently all having a group discussion and almost everyone is contributing to it, apart from Mark who is on his phone and is not really participating in the discussion at all. One of Mark’s friends, Raheem, knows that Mark is a big extrovert and that he can offer good ideas and is usually loud, but isn’t saying much today.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Raheem in this situation?

    // @todo
    53. Telling the whole group that it is a group discussion and that everyone should take in turns to contribute ideas.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is B. The main issue is that Mark is not pulling his weight. Ideally, we should resolve this with Mark directly. Talking to the entire group is a non-confrontational solution, as Raheem is not directly referring to Mark, and does not mention his name. By telling everyone to take turns, it will hopefully remind Mark that he is a medical student and that at University he should be contributing to the problem based learning session. This may however make Mark feel uncomfortable, and like he is being targeted in a group setting. It will not have any major negative consequences, but could be resolved better.

    Post Comment

    A group of medical students are taking part in their first problem based learning (PBL), and are solving a case of a patient with acromegaly, where they are trying to find the best possible treatment for it. They are currently all having a group discussion and almost everyone is contributing to it, apart from Mark who is on his phone and is not really participating in the discussion at all. One of Mark’s friends, Raheem, knows that Mark is a big extrovert and that he can offer good ideas and is usually loud, but isn’t saying much today.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Raheem in this situation?

    // @todo
    54. Speak to Mark directly, and ask him if he could attempt to contribute more to the group discussion.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. Raheem is addressing the issue by speaking to Mark and hopefully it will mean that Mark contributes more to the conversation. He goes about is in a calm and collected manner, which seems as if he would be open to further discussion. It is the best local and direct solution.

     

    Post Comment

    A group of medical students are taking part in their first problem based learning (PBL), and are solving a case of a patient with acromegaly, where they are trying to find the best possible treatment for it. They are currently all having a group discussion and almost everyone is contributing to it, apart from Mark who is on his phone and is not really participating in the discussion at all. One of Mark’s friends, Raheem, knows that Mark is a big extrovert and that he can offer good ideas and is usually loud, but isn’t saying much today.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Raheem in this situation?

    // @todo
    55. Inform their professor that Mark is not contributing as much as he should.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. Read the scenario carefully. It is their first group discussion. It is an extreme overreaction for Raheem to involve a professor, because it may just be a one-off. It is also means that Raheem is involving people that may not necessarily be involved. It would be better for Raheem to deal with it in the group or bring it up to Mark delicately. It is therefore a very inappropriate action.

     

    Post Comment

    A group of medical students are taking part in their first problem based learning (PBL), and are solving a case of a patient with acromegaly, where they are trying to find the best possible treatment for it. They are currently all having a group discussion and almost everyone is contributing to it, apart from Mark who is on his phone and is not really participating in the discussion at all. One of Mark’s friends, Raheem, knows that Mark is a big extrovert and that he can offer good ideas and is usually loud, but isn’t saying much today.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Raheem in this situation?

    // @todo
    56. Not say anything because he is worried it will ruin the group dynamic.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. It is likely that soon the group will be unhappy with Mark not contributing, and it is an issue because as a medical student he will have to constantly contribute in these sorts of problem based learning scenarios. Avoiding the issue completely would be inappropriate. However, there are many potential explanations for Mark’s silence, including the fact that it

    is the first meeting, plus the potential that he is just getting to grips with the topic. It is therefore an inappropriate, but not awful approach.

    Post Comment

    Nimby is a 4th year medical student working in a cardiovascular ward, where he is shadowing consultants, junior doctors and nurses. Nimby does not get along with one of the doctors, Dr Nawan. He finds her difficult to approach and believes she lacks work ethic. One day Nimby walks past the ward, and finds that one of the nurses is speaking to a patient who has just finished surgery, and overhears the conversation. The patient is angry that no doctor has come to see her, and hears the nurse telling the patient that she has asked Dr Nawan to see her, but feels that Dr Nawan is not attending to all her tasks.

    How important to take into account are the following considerations for Nimby when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    57. That Nimby is a medical student, and he has less authority than the rest of the team.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. This is not important at all. It does not matter whether Nimby is a nurse, medical student or a consultant. Reporting information about behaviour that is unacceptable does not depend on how much authority they have. Remember patient safety and professionalism are two of the most important considerations to make. If Nimby does not report this to the authorities, patient safety and professionalism are potentially compromised.

     

    Post Comment

    Nimby is a 4th year medical student working in a cardiovascular ward, where he is shadowing consultants, junior doctors and nurses. Nimby does not get along with one of the doctors, Dr Nawan. He finds her difficult to approach and believes she lacks work ethic. One day Nimby walks past the ward, and finds that one of the nurses is speaking to a patient who has just finished surgery, and overhears the conversation. The patient is angry that no doctor has come to see her, and hears the nurse telling the patient that she has asked Dr Nawan to see her, but feels that Dr Nawan is not attending to all her tasks.

    How important to take into account are the following considerations for Nimby when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    58. The patient knows Dr Nawan well, and Nimby feels that if he reports anything he will be shut down.
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. Again this is not important. The patient may defend Dr Nawan, and the matter could be easily brushed under the carpet. However, this should not occur. Nimby should not be afraid of the relationship that the two have already, because Nimby did hear the patient complain about the doctor, and so is not reporting any misinformation. The answer is therefore D, not important at all.

     

     

     

    Post Comment

    Nimby is a 4th year medical student working in a cardiovascular ward, where he is shadowing consultants, junior doctors and nurses. Nimby does not get along with one of the doctors, Dr Nawan. He finds her difficult to approach and believes she lacks work ethic. One day Nimby walks past the ward, and finds that one of the nurses is speaking to a patient who has just finished surgery, and overhears the conversation. The patient is angry that no doctor has come to see her, and hears the nurse telling the patient that she has asked Dr Nawan to see her, but feels that Dr Nawan is not attending to all her tasks.

    How important to take into account are the following considerations for Nimby when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    59. That Nimby is coming to the end of the placement, and will be in the neurology ward after.
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. Even if Nimby is leaving the ward soon, he has to address the problems he has spotted and act appropriately. Therefore this factor is not important, but it may affect how quickly he decided to act because he needs to address the issue before he moves wards. So the answer is C.

     

    Post Comment

    Nimby is a 4th year medical student working in a cardiovascular ward, where he is shadowing consultants, junior doctors and nurses. Nimby does not get along with one of the doctors, Dr Nawan. He finds her difficult to approach and believes she lacks work ethic. One day Nimby walks past the ward, and finds that one of the nurses is speaking to a patient who has just finished surgery, and overhears the conversation. The patient is angry that no doctor has come to see her, and hears the nurse telling the patient that she has asked Dr Nawan to see her, but feels that Dr Nawan is not attending to all her tasks.

    How important to take into account are the following considerations for Nimby when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    60. The team will look down on Nimby and will think he is trying to break the team dynamic.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. This should not be an important factor. While it may affect the team dynamic, patient safety is important. The team should not look down on Nimby for reporting unprofessional behaviour, and should be able to understand that the issue Nimby is reporting could be significant.

     

    Post Comment

    Aké and Songo are about to sit their first year examination for medicine. Aké is extremely anxious about entering the exam hall, as he needs to pass this exam to progress to second year. Aké tells Songo that he does not want to sit the exam due to the pressure, and is about to walk away from the examination venue.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Songo in this situation?

    // @todo
    61. Try to calm Aké down.
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. It is clear that Aké is extremely nervous, so calming him down will hopefully reassure him and relieve some of the pressure he is facing. It is therefore a very appropriate thing to do.

     

    Post Comment

    Aké and Songo are about to sit their first year examination for medicine. Aké is extremely anxious about entering the exam hall, as he needs to pass this exam to progress to second year. Aké tells Songo that he does not want to sit the exam due to the pressure, and is about to walk away from the examination venue.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Songo in this situation?

    // @todo
    62. Give Aké privacy and let him calm down on his own
  • 0
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. Remember, always look at situational judgement scenarios from a medical point of view Imagine Aké was a patient. If Aké is abandoned then he would likely become even more anxious, because he will be alone without any support. Instead, it would be better to reassure him and make sure he is relaxed. Additionally, bear in mind that they need to enter the exam hall now, so Songo needs to act fast. The reason the answer is not D is because Songo needs to enter the hall herself, and sometime time alone can be helpful.

    Post Comment

    Aké and Songo are about to sit their first year examination for medicine. Aké is extremely anxious about entering the exam hall, as he needs to pass this exam to progress to second year. Aké tells Songo that he does not want to sit the exam due to the pressure, and is about to walk away from the examination venue.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Songo in this situation?

    // @todo
    63. Tell Aké to enter the venue and speak to the invigilators about his anxiety
  • 0
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    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. If Aké speaks to one of the invigilators it will hopefully help reassure him and calm him down, and will help to deal with the situation at hand. It is likely that the invigilator will help him overcome his anxiety. It is therefore a very appropriate thing to do.

    Post Comment

    Aké and Songo are about to sit their first year examination for medicine. Aké is extremely anxious about entering the exam hall, as he needs to pass this exam to progress to second year. Aké tells Songo that he does not want to sit the exam due to the pressure, and is about to walk away from the examination venue.

    How appropriate are each of the following responses by Songo in this situation?

    // @todo
    64. Remind Aké that if he doesn’t pass this exam, he will not be able to enter second year.
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is C. This is an inappropriate thing to do because it could potentially raise his anxiety and put him under even more pressure than he already is under. It could however, stress to him the importance of sitting the exam rather than skipping it.

    Post Comment

    Vish is a new dentist at the dental practice and meets Firdous in the corridor during the lunch break.  Firdous asks Vish to play a game where they have to tell each other gossip about their patients. Other colleagues join in on this game, but Vish is uncomfortable with the game and tells Firdous that he doesn’t like it as he feels it is a breach of confidentiality. Firdous disagrees with him and along with the other colleagues continue playing the game.

    How important are the following considerations for Vish to consider when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    65. Vish is a new dentist, so the other colleagues may not listen to him.
  • 1
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D.This is not important at all. The game the dentists are playing is a huge breach of confidentiality. It is irrelevant whether Vish is a nurse, an experienced dentist or a new dentist – he has to do something.

    Post Comment

    Vish is a new dentist at the dental practice and meets Firdous in the corridor during the lunch break.  Firdous asks Vish to play a game where they have to tell each other gossip about their patients. Other colleagues join in on this game, but Vish is uncomfortable with the game and tells Firdous that he doesn’t like it as he feels it is a breach of confidentiality. Firdous disagrees with him and along with the other colleagues continue playing the game.

    How important are the following considerations for Vish to consider when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    66. That Vish is uncomfortable with the game
  • 0
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is A. If Vish finds the game a breach of confidentiality, it is more than likely that patients would as well.  This is a violation of the trust they are putting in the dentist.

    Post Comment

    Vish is a new dentist at the dental practice and meets Firdous in the corridor during the lunch break.  Firdous asks Vish to play a game where they have to tell each other gossip about their patients. Other colleagues join in on this game, but Vish is uncomfortable with the game and tells Firdous that he doesn’t like it as he feels it is a breach of confidentiality. Firdous disagrees with him and along with the other colleagues continue playing the game.

    How important are the following considerations for Vish to consider when deciding how to respond to the situation?

    // @todo
    67. That the other colleagues including Firdous do not find the game offensive
  • 1
    0

    Explanation

    The correct answer is D. This is a breach of confidentiality. It is irrelevant whether the colleagues think it is right. They are in the wrong and are breaking the code of the dental profession. It is therefore not important at all if they believe it is normal because it is not.

    Post Comment

    Katie is a junior doctor, who is on a rotation with her friend from Medical School called Margaret. Katie has noticed that Margaret has been making many mistakes on the ward lately, such as forgetting simple tasks or making small prescribing errors. Margaret reveals to Katie that she is going through a break-up with her girlfriend, and has been feeling suicidal lately.

    // @todo
    68. Choose the one most appropriate action and one least appropriate action that Katie should take in response to this situation.
    Most Appropriate
    Least Appropriate
    Give Margaret the details of a suicide hotline, and encourage her to call if needed.
    Persuade Margaret to speak to her own GP, and tell them about how it has been affecting her work.
    Promise to keep whatever Margaret tells her private, in order to improve her trust in her.
    2
    4

    Explanation

    Most appropriate = B, Least appropriate = C

    Katie has 2 concerns to consider in the scenario; Margaret’s safety and Margaret’s patients safety.

    Option A will ensure Margaret is able to speak to someone, and receive some support. A suicide hotline will be able to support Margaret if she were to be in a crisis, however it will not be able to help her through the current issue, of heartbreak and how this is affecting her work.

    Option B is making sure that Margaret can receive long term care, and support going through her issues. She would be allowed to talk to her own GP about her issues at work, without breaking patient confidentiality here. This is the most appropriate option for making sure that her health, and the safety of her patient’s is looked after long term.

    Option C is very inappropriate. Whilst it is done with good intentions, Katie must remember her role as a professional, as well as a friend. Katie cannot make a promise to keep things private, as she may discover information which would put patients at danger – and therefore Katie has a duty to report this. It would be inappropriate for Katie to lie to Margaret in this way, and this is therefore the least appropriate option.

    Post Comment
    Imogen Medicmind Tutor

    Wed, 16 Sep 2020 17:38:10

    I put the correct answers

    Matt and Fin are two medical students in a local GP surgery. They are both asked to take a history from a patient. The patient gives a full history to them both, and then Matt leaves the room to allow Fin to perform an examination of her abdomen. The patient tells Fin that when they were walking into the surgery, she heard him and Matt say something that she thinks implies they had sex last night. Matt and Fin did have sex the night before. The patient asks Matt if this was true.

    // @todo
    69. Choose the one most appropriate action and one least appropriate action that Matt should take in response to this situation.
    Most Appropriate
    Least Appropriate
    Tell the patient that this consultation is not about him, and more about her, and so he doesn’t feel comfortable talking about himself.
    Tell the patient that they did not sleep together, and that she may have misheard something.
    Ignore the patient’s question, and carry on with the examination.
    1
    0

    Explanation

    Most appropriate = A, Least appropriate = B

    Medical professionals are often placed in uncomfortable situations when patient’s ask them about their personal life. The patient normally doesn’t mean any harm by this, and is just making small talk, however the doctor or medical student must remain professional.

    Option A allows Matt to politely decline to answer the patient’s question, with appropriate reasoning and also is completely transparent. He highlights how this situation makes him feel uncomfortable, which is being honest with the patient. Matt deals with a personal question very professionally, without insulting the patient. This is therefore the most appropriate response.

    Option B is directly lying to the patient, and even telling the patient they did not sleep together is revealing more personal information than he ought to. The patient may realise that Matt is lying, which would compromise the patient’s trust in the medical profession. He would be better to approach this scenario with honesty, rather than outrightly lie to the patient.

    Option C is slightly rude and may damage the relationship. Whilst it may seem like it’s appropriate to ignore the question, it is not a polite or respectful response. This may lead to the patient asking the question again, which will further the uncomfortable situation. It does not directly cause any harm, so is not the worst option.

    Post Comment

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